A nurse is planning to teach a group of nurses about the uses of mannitol. Which of the following client conditions is an indication for administering this medication?

A client who has deep-vein thrombosis

A client who has heart failure

A client who has increased intraocular pressure

A client who has an intracranial bleed

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

C. Mannitol is often used to reduce intraocular pressure in conditions such as acute glaucoma or before ophthalmic surgery. It works by creating an osmotic gradient that draws fluid out of the eye, reducing pressure and protecting optic nerve function.

A Deep-vein thrombosis requires anticoagulation therapy to prevent clot propagation and embolization, not osmotic diuretics like mannitol.

B. Heart failure management focuses on improving cardiac function and relieving symptoms such as fluid overload through medications like diuretics (e.g., furosemide), ACE inhibitors, and beta-blockers, not osmotic diuretics like mannitol.

D. Mannitol is used to reduce intracranial pressure in conditions such as traumatic brain injury, intracranial hemorrhage, or brain tumors. By increasing serum osmolality, mannitol draws water out of brain tissue, reducing cerebral edema and intracranial pressure. However, it is important to note that mannitol should not be used in cases of active intracranial bleeding except during craniotomy.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. This is the most critical adverse effect associated with alteplase administration. Alteplase works by promoting fibrinolysis (breaking down blood clots), which can increase the risk of bleeding, including intracranial hemorrhage.

B. Steatorrhea refers to fatty stools and is not typically associated with alteplase administration. This side effect is more commonly seen with conditions affecting fat absorption or certain medications, not thrombolytic therapy.

C. Polycythemia is an increase in the number of red blood cells and is not a typical adverse effect of alteplase. Alteplase does not affect red blood cell production or cause polycythemia.

D. Laryngospasm is a sudden spasm of the vocal cords that can cause difficulty breathing or choking and is not directly associated with alteplase use. This adverse effect can occur due to various causes, such as irritation, allergic reactions, or certain medical conditions, but not from alteplase administration.

A. A client requests to take a medication at a different time of day. B. A client reports an unpleasant taste in their mouth after taking a medication. C. A client's roommate takes a medication that was intended for the client. D. A client refuses to take a prescribed medication.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C. This situation involves a medication error where the roommate mistakenly takes a medication intended for another client. Medication errors, including administration to the wrong client, are serious incidents that require immediate documentation through an incident report. This ensures proper investigation, implementation of corrective actions, and monitoring for potential harm to the client who received the medication in error.

A. Adjusting medication administration times based on client preference or clinical appropriateness does not typically require an incident report. It is part of routine nursing care and can be managed through communication with the healthcare team and documentation in the client's record.

B. The client experiencing an unpleasant taste after taking medication suggests a possible adverse reaction or side effect. While this situation warrants assessment and documentation of the client's response, it does not necessarily indicate an incident requiring an incident report unless the symptom is severe or indicates a potential medication issue requiring further investigation.

D. Client refusal of medication is a common occurrence and can happen for various reasons such as personal preference, fear of side effects, or misunderstanding. Client refusal of medication, while

important to document in the client's record, does not usually require an incident report unless there are significant concerns about the client's safety or the refusal leads to a serious outcome that needs further investigation.

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A nurse is planning to teach a group of nurses about the uses of mannitol. Which of the following client conditions is an indication for administering this medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who received alteplase 12 hr ago following a thrombotic stroke. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a group of clients in a long-term care facility. For which of the following situations should the nurse complete an incident report?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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