A nurse is preparing a child who has suspected bacterial meningitis for a lumbar puncture. Which of the following cerebrospinal fluid findings supports the diagnosis?
Decreased WBCs.
Elevated glucose.
Elevated total protein.
Decreased pressure.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
Decreased white blood cells (WBCs) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) would not support the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. In bacterial meningitis, the presence of bacteria triggers an inflammatory response, leading to an increase in WBCs in the CSF (pleocytosis).
Choice B rationale:
Elevated glucose levels in CSF would actually be more consistent with viral rather than bacterial meningitis. In bacterial meningitis, glucose levels are typically decreased due to the high metabolic demands of bacteria on the glucose present in the CSF.
Choice C rationale:
Elevated total protein in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is indicative of inflammation and disruption of the blood-brain barrier. Bacterial meningitis causes an intense inflammatory response, leading to an increase in total protein in the CSF.
Choice D rationale:
Decreased pressure in the CSF would not be a characteristic finding in bacterial meningitis. In fact, bacterial meningitis often leads to an increase in CSF pressure due to the inflammation and accumulation of inflammatory cells and proteins.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The answer is a. Hard-boiled egg.
Hard-boiled eggs are a safe snack for a toddler.They are soft, easy to chew, and rich in nutrients.
Now, let’s discuss why the other options are not recommended:
b. Grapes: Whole grapes are not recommended for toddlers due to the risk of choking.They are round and slippery, making them difficult for toddlers to chew properly.
c. Raw carrots: Similar to grapes, raw carrots pose a choking hazard for toddlers.They are hard and can break into large pieces that might block a toddler’s airway.
d. Popcorn: Popcorn is not safe for toddlers. The kernels can get stuck in a toddler’s throat and cause choking.Moreover, unpopped or partially popped kernels are hard and can also pose a choking risk.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Hypertension is a common manifestation of acute glomerulonephritis. The inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys can lead to impaired filtration, causing fluid retention and an increase in blood pressure. Monitoring the child's blood pressure is crucial to assess the severity of the condition and guide appropriate interventions.
Choice B rationale:
Dehydration is not a typical manifestation of acute glomerulonephritis. In fact, this condition often leads to fluid retention due to impaired kidney function. The child might experience edema and hypertension rather than dehydration.
Choice C rationale:
Muehrcke lines on the nails are not associated with acute glomerulonephritis. Muehrcke lines are white lines that appear horizontally across the nails and are typically indicative of hypoalbuminemia, which is not a primary feature of glomerulonephritis.
Choice D rationale:
Hypokalemia, or low potassium levels, is not a characteristic manifestation of acute glomerulonephritis. This condition primarily affects the kidneys' ability to filter waste and excess fluid, leading to fluid retention, electrolyte imbalances, and hypertension.
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