A nurse is preparing a client for a radiation treatment who is postoperative following a mastectomy.The nurse should inform the client to expect which of the following adverse effects from the radiation treatment?

Diarrhea.

Anorexia.

Alopecia.

Fatigue.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale
Diarrhea is not a typical adverse effect of radiation treatment for breast cancer; gastrointestinal symptoms are more common with abdominal or pelvic radiation.
Choice B rationale
Anorexia, or loss of appetite, can occur but is not as common as fatigue for clients undergoing radiation treatment.
Choice C rationale
Alopecia can occur with chemotherapy, but it is less common with radiation therapy unless the radiation is directed at the scalp.
Choice D rationale
Fatigue is a common and expected adverse effect of radiation therapy due to the body's response to treatment and tissue repair processes.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Monitoring the client’s hydration status is critical for older adults, especially those on a medical-surgical unit, to prevent dehydration, which can lead to serious complications such as renal impairment, confusion, and electrolyte imbalance.
Choice B rationale
Encouraging physical activities is beneficial but is not always feasible or safe for all older clients, especially those with certain medical conditions or mobility limitations.
Choice C rationale
Administering medications as prescribed is essential but is a standard practice for all clients and not specific to older adults' unique needs.
Choice D rationale
Educating the client on dietary needs is important but secondary to monitoring hydration, which addresses more immediate physiological needs and complications.

A. Management includes rapid restoration of serum sodium levels to normal. B. SIADH occurs when excessive ADH is released by the anterior pituitary. C. SIADH is characterized by diluted urine output and dehydration. D. Serum sodium levels typically rise in cases of SIADH.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Rapid restoration of serum sodium levels can lead to central pontine myelinolysis, a severe neurological condition. Thus, management should be gradual.
Choice B rationale
SIADH occurs due to excessive release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the posterior pituitary gland, not the anterior, leading to water retention and hyponatremia.
Choice C rationale
SIADH is characterized by concentrated urine due to water retention and overhydration, not diluted urine output and dehydration.
Choice D rationale
Serum sodium levels typically decrease in SIADH due to water retention and dilutional hyponatremia.

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A nurse is preparing a client for a radiation treatment who is postoperative following a mastectomy.The nurse should inform the client to expect which of the following adverse effects from the radiation treatment?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for an older client on a medical-surgical unit.Which of the following interventions should be included in the plan of care?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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