A nurse is preparing to infuse one unit, 330 mL, of packed red blood cells over 4 hours to a patient with heart failure. The nurse should set the pump to deliver how many mL/hr?

Round to the nearest whole number.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is ["83"]

To calculate the infusion rate, divide the total volume of fluid to be infused by the total time over which the infusion should occur.

$\frac{330 \text{ mL}}{4 \text{ hours}} = 82.5 \text{ mL/hr}$

Rounding to the nearest whole number, the nurse should set the pump to deliver 83 mL/hr.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:

A serum blood glucose level of 128 mg/dL is slightly elevated but not immediately concerning in the context of organ donation. Blood glucose levels can be managed with insulin if necessary, and this value does not indicate an acute issue requiring immediate intervention.

Choice B reason:

A blood pressure of 83/51 mmHg is critically low and requires immediate action. Low blood pressure can compromise organ perfusion and oxygen delivery, potentially leading to organ damage. In the context of organ donation, maintaining adequate perfusion pressure is essential to ensure the viability of the organs for transplantation.

Choice C reason:

A hemoglobin level of 13 g/dL is within the normal range and does not require immediate intervention. Hemoglobin levels are important for oxygen-carrying capacity but are not the priority concern six hours before organ harvesting if the value is within normal limits.

Choice D reason:

A core body temperature of 97.8 degrees F is slightly below normal but not immediately alarming. Mild hypothermia can be addressed with warming measures, and this temperature does not indicate a critical issue that requires urgent action.

A. Hypoxia not responsive to oxygen therapy B. Elevated lactate levels C. Metabolic alkalosis D. Severe, unexplained electrolyte imbalance

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Hypoxia not responsive to oxygen therapy is a hallmark early sign of ARDS. ARDS is characterized by acute onset of hypoxemia that does not improve with supplemental oxygen. This refractory hypoxemia is due to severe inflammation and increased permeability of the alveolar-capillary barrier, leading to pulmonary edema and impaired gas exchange.

Choice B reason:

Elevated lactate levels can indicate tissue hypoxia and metabolic stress, which are concerning findings in critically ill patients. However, elevated lactate is not specific to ARDS and can be seen in various conditions, including sepsis and shock. It is not the primary early indicator of ARDS.

Choice C reason:

Metabolic alkalosis is not typically associated with ARDS. ARDS usually involves respiratory failure, which may lead to respiratory acidosis. Metabolic alkalosis can occur in other conditions, such as excessive loss of gastric acid or diuretic use, but it is not an early sign of ARDS.

Choice D reason:

Severe, unexplained electrolyte imbalance can occur in critically ill patients but is not specific to ARDS. Electrolyte imbalances can result from various factors, including fluid shifts, renal dysfunction, and medication effects. These imbalances do not serve as an early diagnostic indicator of ARDS.

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A nurse is preparing to infuse one unit, 330 mL, of packed red blood cells over 4 hours to a patient with heart failure. The nurse should set the pump to deliver how many mL/hr? Round to the nearest whole number.

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A nurse is preparing to infuse one unit, 330 mL, of packed red blood cells over 4 hours to a patient with heart failure. The nurse should set the pump to deliver how many mL/hr?

Round to the nearest whole number.