A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client who is at 28 weeks of gestation and has phenylketonuria (PKU). Which of the following foods should the client avoid?

Apples

Milk

Carrots

Coffee

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Apples: Apples are naturally low in phenylalanine, the amino acid that clients with phenylketonuria (PKU) cannot properly metabolize. Fruits like apples are generally safe and are encouraged in a low-phenylalanine diet because they help meet nutritional needs without contributing excess protein or phenylalanine.
B. Milk: Milk is high in protein and contains significant amounts of phenylalanine, making it unsuitable for individuals with PKU. Consuming milk can lead to elevated phenylalanine levels, which are harmful to the developing fetus and can cause cognitive impairments and developmental delays. Pregnant women with PKU must strictly avoid high-protein foods such as milk.
C. Carrots: Carrots are low in protein and phenylalanine, making them a safe and beneficial food choice for clients with PKU. They provide important nutrients like beta-carotene and fiber without compromising phenylalanine restrictions. Including vegetables like carrots supports balanced nutrition during pregnancy.
D. Coffee: Coffee itself contains minimal or no phenylalanine unless additives such as milk or cream are used. While caffeine intake should be moderated during pregnancy, plain coffee does not significantly impact phenylalanine levels and is not a food that must be avoided specifically because of PKU.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Whole-wheat pasta, green salad, and diet cola: While this meal is low in fat and suitable for hypertension, it lacks a clear protein source. Additionally, diet cola contains caffeine and artificial sweeteners, which some clients may choose to avoid due to personal or health preferences.
B. Broiled chicken, grilled potatoes, and lemonade: This option is appropriate for a client with hypertension and complies with Islamic dietary laws. Chicken is a halal protein, and the meal is low in sodium and saturated fat. Lemonade is a non-caffeinated beverage that aligns with religious and health considerations.
C. Roast beef, brown rice, and coffee: Roast beef is permissible if it is halal, but this cannot be assumed unless specified. Coffee contains caffeine, which some individuals with hypertension may need to limit. The meal also lacks details on fat and sodium content.
D. Grilled pork loin, steamed vegetables, and water: Pork is strictly prohibited (haram) in Islamic dietary laws. Although the vegetables and water are appropriate, the inclusion of pork makes this meal unacceptable for a practicing Muslim.

A. Increased thirst B. Urinary frequency C. Weakness D. Skin flushing

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Increased thirst: This is typically a manifestation of hyperglycemia rather than hypoglycemia. Hyperglycemia can lead to dehydration due to the body’s attempt to flush out excess glucose through urine, which then causes increased thirst.
B. Urinary frequency: Urinary frequency is also a symptom commonly associated with hyperglycemia rather than hypoglycemia. When blood sugar levels are too high, the kidneys try to remove excess glucose, leading to frequent urination causing polyuria and is typically seen in hyperglycemic states, not in low blood sugar situations.
C. Weakness: Weakness is a classic symptom of hypoglycemia. When blood glucose levels drop too low, the body does not have enough fuel to function properly, leading to fatigue and weakness. This symptom is often experienced as one of the early signs of hypoglycemia and should be closely monitored in diabetic patients.
D. Skin flushing: Flushed skin is not a typical feature of hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia more commonly causes cool, pale, and clammy skin due to sympathetic nervous system activation.

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A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client who is at 28 weeks of gestation and has phenylketonuria (PKU). Which of the following foods should the client avoid?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assisting a client who has hypertension with selecting meals. The client reports following Islamic dietary laws. Which of the following is the appropriate menu selection for this client?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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