A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving chemotherapy treatments. The client states, "I feel so nauseated after my treatments." Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide the client? (Select all that apply.)
Limit use of antiemetics until after first emesis.
Sit up for 1 hr after eating meals.
Eat foods low in carbohydrates.
Sip fluids shyly throughout the day.
Consume foods that are served cold.
Correct Answer : B,D,E
A. Limit use of antiemetics until after first emesis: Antiemetics are more effective when administered prophylactically before the onset of nausea. Waiting until after emesis can reduce their effectiveness and worsen the client's discomfort and nutritional status.
B. Sit up for 1 hr after eating meals: Sitting upright for at least an hour after meals helps prevent gastric reflux and reduces the likelihood of nausea and vomiting. It also promotes digestion by allowing gravity to aid in the movement of food through the gastrointestinal tract, which can be especially beneficial for chemotherapy clients prone to delayed gastric emptying.
C. Eat foods low in carbohydrates: Carbohydrates, particularly simple ones like toast, rice, or crackers, are usually better tolerated during chemotherapy-induced nausea. Low-carbohydrate foods may be harder to digest and may not provide the quick energy or stomach-soothing effect that simple carbs do.
D. Sip fluids shyly throughout the day: Sipping fluids slowly throughout the day helps maintain hydration while avoiding the discomfort and nausea that can come from drinking large amounts at once. It also prevents dehydration, a common complication of chemotherapy. Gradual fluid intake is easier to tolerate and supports overall gastrointestinal comfort.
E. Consume foods that are served cold: Cold foods are generally better tolerated than hot or heavily seasoned ones during chemotherapy treatment. Hot foods can have strong odors that trigger nausea, while cold foods are often milder in smell and taste. Offering cold meals like yogurt, chilled fruits, or cold sandwiches can help reduce nausea severity.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Moist mucous membranes: While moist mucous membranes may indicate adequate hydration, they are not specific to the treatment of hypocalcemia. The goal of hypocalcemia treatment is to correct calcium levels in the body, which would be reflected by the resolution of clinical signs related to low calcium, such as Chvostek's sign.
B. Negative Chvostek's sign: Chvostek's sign is a clinical sign that suggests hypocalcemia, where tapping the facial nerve causes twitching of the facial muscles. A negative Chvostek's sign indicates that calcium levels have normalized, meaning the treatment for hypocalcemia has been effective. The absence of this sign is a reliable indicator that the treatment has corrected the calcium deficiency.
C. Weight gain: Weight gain is not a typical or direct indicator of hypocalcemia treatment success. While some treatments for hypocalcemia might impact overall metabolism, weight gain is not a specific or reliable sign of calcium normalization. The most relevant sign would be the absence of symptoms related to calcium deficiency, such as a negative Chvostek’s sign.
D. Urine output 25 mL/hr: Urine output of 25 mL/hr is below the normal threshold, which is typically at least 30 mL/hr. While urine output can be affected by various factors, it is not a reliable marker for effective treatment of hypocalcemia. Treatment success is better assessed by signs related to calcium levels, such as the negative Chvostek’s sign, rather than urine output.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Cooking in a stainless-steel skillet increases the amount of iron in the food: Stainless steel does not leach iron into food. Cast iron cookware may increase iron content in food, but stainless steel has no significant impact on dietary iron levels and should not be relied upon for supplementation.
B. Drinking orange juice with iron supplements can decrease absorption: Orange juice contains vitamin C, which enhances non-heme iron absorption. It helps convert ferric iron to its more absorbable ferrous form, so this combination actually improves iron absorption rather than reducing it.
C. Drinking iced tea with meals can increase the amount of iron absorbed: Iced tea contains tannins, which bind to iron and reduce its absorption. Consuming tea with meals interferes with the body’s ability to absorb dietary non-heme iron, particularly from plant-based sources.
D. Fish and poultry are primary sources of heme iron: Heme iron is found in animal sources like fish and poultry and is more readily absorbed by the body than non-heme iron from plant sources. Including these foods supports iron intake in clients with iron-deficiency anemia.
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