A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving chemotherapy treatments. The client states, "I feel so nauseated after my treatments." Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide the client? (Select all that apply.)

Limit use of antiemetics until after first emesis.

Sit up for 1 hr after eating meals.

Eat foods low in carbohydrates.

Sip fluids shyly throughout the day.

Consume foods that are served cold.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D,E

A. Limit use of antiemetics until after first emesis: Antiemetics are more effective when administered prophylactically before the onset of nausea. Waiting until after emesis can reduce their effectiveness and worsen the client's discomfort and nutritional status.
B. Sit up for 1 hr after eating meals: Sitting upright for at least an hour after meals helps prevent gastric reflux and reduces the likelihood of nausea and vomiting. It also promotes digestion by allowing gravity to aid in the movement of food through the gastrointestinal tract, which can be especially beneficial for chemotherapy clients prone to delayed gastric emptying.
C. Eat foods low in carbohydrates: Carbohydrates, particularly simple ones like toast, rice, or crackers, are usually better tolerated during chemotherapy-induced nausea. Low-carbohydrate foods may be harder to digest and may not provide the quick energy or stomach-soothing effect that simple carbs do.
D. Sip fluids shyly throughout the day: Sipping fluids slowly throughout the day helps maintain hydration while avoiding the discomfort and nausea that can come from drinking large amounts at once. It also prevents dehydration, a common complication of chemotherapy. Gradual fluid intake is easier to tolerate and supports overall gastrointestinal comfort.
E. Consume foods that are served cold: Cold foods are generally better tolerated than hot or heavily seasoned ones during chemotherapy treatment. Hot foods can have strong odors that trigger nausea, while cold foods are often milder in smell and taste. Offering cold meals like yogurt, chilled fruits, or cold sandwiches can help reduce nausea severity.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Use a washcloth to clean the denture surfaces: Dentures should be cleaned using a soft-bristled toothbrush or denture brush to effectively remove food particles and plaque. A washcloth is not effective for thoroughly cleaning denture surfaces.
B. Floss dentures as part of daily cleaning: Flossing is intended for natural teeth, not dentures. Dentures require brushing and soaking, but do not have spaces between teeth that need flossing.
C. Wipe dentures before storing them in a dry container at night: Dentures should be stored in water or a denture solution overnight to prevent them from drying out and warping. Keeping them in a dry container is incorrect.
D. Wrap gloved fingers with gauze to remove dentures: Wrapping gloved fingers with gauze provides a better grip and reduces the risk of injury or dropping the dentures during removal. This is the appropriate technique when assisting with denture care.

A. Instruct the client to lie down after a meal. B. Encourage the client to rest prior to mealtimes. C. Turn on the client's television during meals. D. Place the client into a semi-reclined position for meals.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Instruct the client to lie down after a meal: Lying down after meals increases the risk of aspiration in clients with difficulty swallowing. It impairs gravity-assisted esophageal emptying and allows food or liquids to reflux, increasing the chance of choking or aspiration pneumonia.
B. Encourage the client to rest prior to mealtimes: Resting before meals conserves the client's energy, allowing them to focus on eating slowly and carefully, which promotes safer swallowing. Fatigue increases the risk of aspiration because muscle coordination during swallowing becomes impaired.
C. Turn on the client's television during meals: Turning on the television is a distraction that can reduce the client’s attention during chewing and swallowing. This lack of focus increases the risk of aspiration or choking, especially in clients with dysphagia.
D. Place the client into a semi-reclined position for meals: A semi-reclined position may hinder proper swallowing mechanics and promote aspiration. Clients with swallowing difficulty should ideally be in an upright 90-degree sitting position to reduce aspiration risk during meals.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving chemotherapy treatments. The client states, "I feel so nauseated after my treatments." Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide the client? (Select all that apply.)

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