A nurse in a provider's office is caring for a client.

Exhibits

Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices below to specify what condition the client is most likely experiencing, 2 actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and 2 parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is []

Rationale:

The client exhibits hallmark symptoms of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), including a butterfly rash on the cheeks, alopecia, joint tenderness, and elevated ANA and ESR levels. These findings, combined with anemia and thrombocytopenia, are consistent with SLE, an autoimmune disorder characterized by systemic inflammation and tissue damage.

Multiple sclerosis is primarily a neurological condition and does not align with the client’s dermatological and hematological findings. Celiac disease is associated with gastrointestinal symptoms and gluten sensitivity, which the client denies. Type 1 diabetes mellitus involves hyperglycemia and insulin deficiency, which are not relevant to the presented symptoms.

Helping the client identify aggravating factors (e.g., sunlight exposure, stress) is crucial for managing SLE. Recommending low-impact exercises can help maintain joint mobility and reduce inflammation.

Monitoring adherence to corticosteroid therapy is essential since these medications are often used to control inflammation in SLE. Assessing for depression related to body image is important due to the physical manifestations of SLE, such as alopecia and hyperpigmentation, which may affect the client’s mental health.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine and is primarily used for allergy symptoms or as a sedative. While it has anti-nausea properties, it is not the most effective medication for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

B. Sertraline is an SSRI used primarily for depression and anxiety. It is not typically used for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

C. Ondansetron is the most appropriate medication. It is a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist commonly used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy. It works by blocking serotonin receptors in the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system, preventing nausea.

D. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid and may be used as part of a combination regimen to manage nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy, but it is not the first-line medication for nausea. Ondansetron would typically be given first.

A. Clean surfaces with chlorhexidine. B. Place the client in a protective environment. C. Wash hands with alcohol-based hand rub. D. Obtain a stool specimen with gloves.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Clean surfaces with chlorhexidine is not appropriate for Clostridium difficile (C. difficile). The recommended cleaning agent for C. difficile spores is bleach, not chlorhexidine, as bleach is effective in killing the spores.

B. Place the client in a protective environment is not necessary for C. difficile. Protective environments are typically used for clients with immunocompromised states, such as those undergoing chemotherapy or bone marrow transplants, not for clients with C. difficile.

C. Wash hands with alcohol-based hand rub is not effective for C. difficile. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers do not kill C. difficile spores. The recommended method for hand hygiene is washing with soap and water to physically remove the spores.

D. Obtain a stool specimen with gloves is the correct action. When collecting a stool specimen from a client with C. difficile, gloves should always be worn to prevent transmission of the bacteria. C. difficile is highly contagious and requires strict infection control practices.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer prior to chemotherapy?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is planning care for a client who has Clostridium difficile gastroenteritis. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing action?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which of the following is the priority intervention by the nurse?

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