A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a patient about self-administration of regular insulin. Which of the following instructions should be included by the nurse?

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that increases the risk of colorectal cancer. Long-standing ulcerative colitis causes continuous inflammation and damage to the cells of the colon, which can lead to cancer over time.

Choice B rationale

Chronic constipation does not directly increase the risk of colorectal cancer. However, a diet low in fiber and high in fat and red meat, which can contribute to constipation, is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer.

Choice C rationale

Biliary colic is a symptom of gallstones and is not a risk factor for colorectal cancer.

Choice D rationale

Duodenal ulcers are a type of peptic ulcer disease and are not a risk factor for colorectal cancer.

Choice C rationale

Placing the client in Fowler's position (semi-upright position) facilitates optimal chest expansion and improves ventilation by allowing the diaphragm to move more effectively and reducing the pressure on the lungs from abdominal contents. This position helps in maximizing oxygenation and reducing respiratory distress. The other positions—supine, prone, and Trendelenburg—do not offer the same level of chest expansion and can exacerbate breathing difficulties.

The correct answer is to place the client in a position that allows for maximum chest expansion and oxygenation. This is often the upright or Fowler’s position.