A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who was diagnosed with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as being consistent with this condition?
The child has an excessive appetite and is at risk for obesity.
The child exhibits advanced motor and language skills for their age.
The child demonstrates a high level of energy and requires minimal sleep.
The child has a markedly increased muscle tone and strength.
The Correct Answer is A
A. The child has an excessive appetite and is at risk for obesity: Prader-Willi syndrome is characterized by hypothalamic dysfunction leading to hyperphagia and impaired satiety. Children develop an intense, persistent appetite that significantly increases the risk for obesity and related metabolic complications. Strict dietary supervision is a central component of management.
B. The child exhibits advanced motor and language skills for their age: Children with Prader-Willi syndrome typically demonstrate developmental delays, including delayed motor milestones and speech development. Hypotonia and cognitive impairment contribute to slower skill acquisition rather than advanced abilities. This finding is inconsistent with the syndrome’s neurologic profile.
C. The child demonstrates a high level of energy and requires minimal sleep: Prader-Willi syndrome is associated with low energy levels, reduced stamina, and sleep disturbances such as excessive daytime sleepiness or sleep apnea. Increased energy and reduced sleep needs are not typical features. Fatigue is more commonly observed.
D. The child has a markedly increased muscle tone and strength: Hypotonia is a hallmark feature of Prader-Willi syndrome, particularly in infancy and early childhood. Decreased muscle tone contributes to feeding difficulties early in life and delayed motor development. Increased tone and strength do not align with the underlying neuromuscular findings.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Using a medicine cup for oral medication administration: Medicine cups allow accurate measurement of liquid medications and are appropriate for preschool-aged children who can cooperate with oral intake. This method reduces dosing errors and facilitates safe administration.
B. Instructing the child to swallow sublingual medication: Sublingual medications are designed to dissolve under the tongue for rapid absorption. Preschoolers may lack the developmental ability to hold the medication properly, making this route unsafe without close supervision. This instruction is not routinely appropriate for this age group.
C. Administering rectal medication into the client's anus: Rectal administration is a valid route for preschoolers, especially when oral administration is not possible due to vomiting or refusal. Proper technique ensures absorption and minimizes discomfort.
D. Selecting a suitable vein for intravenous medication administration: IV administration requires careful vein selection to ensure effective delivery and reduce complications. Preschoolers often need smaller-gauge catheters, and site choice is critical for safety.
E. Educating the client on proper inhalation technique for inhaled medication: Preschoolers can be taught to use inhalers with spacers or masks to optimize medication delivery to the lungs. Education helps improve adherence and therapeutic effect.
F. Applying topical or transdermal medication directly to the client's open wound: Applying topical medications directly to an open wound is inappropriate unless specifically prescribed for wound care. Standard transdermal patches are intended for intact skin; misuse can lead to systemic toxicity or local irritation.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "I will handle my baby gently and avoid play activities that could cause fractures.": Osteogenesis imperfecta type 1 is the mildest form, characterized by fragile bones and an increased risk of fractures. Gentle handling and careful planning of activities are key preventive measures to protect the infant from injury, reflecting effective understanding of care.
B. "It is likely with this type of the disorder that my child will not survive to adulthood.": Type 1 is the mildest form, and affected individuals typically have a normal life expectancy. Believing survival is severely limited indicates a misunderstanding.
C. "My child will be very small compared to their peers.": While some mild stature reduction may occur, significant short stature is more characteristic of moderate to severe forms, not type 1.
D. "My child's joints did not properly develop, which will cause problems with dislocated joints.": Joint malformations and dislocations are not a hallmark of type 1 OI; bone fragility is the primary concern.
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