A nurse is providing education to a client who has a newly diagnosed abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

An abdominal aortic aneurysm is commonly found in the suprarenal aorta.

An abdominal aortic aneurysm occurs as a result of a thickened wall of the abdominal artery.

An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a dilation of the abdominal aorta greater than 30 mm in diameter.

Abdominal aortic aneurysms might rupture if blood pressure is too low.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. An abdominal aortic aneurysm is commonly found in the suprarenal aorta: This statement is incorrect. Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are most commonly found infrarenally, below the level of the renal arteries, rather than in the suprarenal region.

B. An abdominal aortic aneurysm occurs as a result of a thickened wall of the abdominal artery: This statement is incorrect. An abdominal aortic aneurysm typically occurs due to weakening of the arterial wall, rather than thickening. The weakened wall allows the arterial wall to bulge or balloon out, forming an aneurysm.

C. An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a dilation of the abdominal aorta greater than 30 mm in diameter: This statement is correct. An abdominal aortic aneurysm is defined as a localized dilation of the abdominal aorta that exceeds 50% of the normal vessel diameter, typically greater than 30 mm in diameter. This dilation occurs due to weakening of the arterial wall, which can result from various factors such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and genetic predisposition.

D. Abdominal aortic aneurysms might rupture if blood pressure is too low: This statement is incorrect. Abdominal aortic aneurysms are more likely to rupture when blood pressure is too high, rather than too low. Hypertension increases the pressure within the weakened arterial wall, potentially leading to rupture. Therefore, controlling blood pressure is crucial in managing abdominal aortic aneurysms to reduce the risk of rupture.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Pantoprazole: Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor commonly used to reduce stomach acid production. It is primarily indicated for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcers, and other conditions related to excessive stomach acid production. It does not play a role in managing Meniere's disease, which is a disorder of the inner ear characterized by episodes of vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss.

B) Warfarin: Warfarin is an anticoagulant medication used to prevent blood clot formation. It is commonly prescribed for conditions such as atrial fibrillation, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism. Meniere's disease does not typically require anticoagulant therapy, so warfarin would not be indicated for its treatment.

C) Furosemide: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that helps reduce fluid retention by increasing urine output. In some cases of Meniere's disease, especially those associated with excessive endolymphatic fluid buildup in the inner ear, furosemide may be prescribed to help reduce fluid volume and alleviate symptoms such as vertigo and pressure sensation in the ear.

D) Oxybutynin: Oxybutynin is an anticholinergic medication primarily used to treat overactive bladder and urinary incontinence. It works by relaxing smooth muscle in the bladder, reducing bladder spasms and urinary urgency. While some individuals with Meniere's disease may experience associated symptoms such as frequent urination or urinary urgency, oxybutynin is not a standard treatment for Meniere's disease itself.

A. Consume foods high in potassium B. Increase oral intake of water C. Avoid smoking tobacco products D. Limit alcohol to two drinks daily

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Consume foods high in potassium: Potassium deficiency can contribute to certain health issues, but it is not directly linked to hearing loss. However, maintaining a balanced diet rich in nutrients, including potassium, is important for overall health.

B. Increase oral intake of water: Hydration is essential for overall health, but increasing oral intake of water is not specifically associated with decreasing the risk of hearing loss. While staying hydrated is beneficial for various bodily functions, including maintaining proper ear function, it is not a direct preventive measure for hearing loss.

C. Avoid smoking tobacco products: Smoking tobacco products is a significant risk factor for developing hearing loss. Smoking can damage blood vessels and reduce blood flow to the inner ear, leading to hearing impairment. Therefore, advising clients to avoid smoking or quit smoking is an important lifestyle modification to decrease the risk of hearing loss.

D. Limit alcohol to two drinks daily: Excessive alcohol consumption can have detrimental effects on hearing health, including increasing the risk of hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction. Therefore, limiting alcohol intake is recommended to reduce the risk of developing hearing-related problems.

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