A nurse is providing education to a patient about colorectal cancer.
Which of the following risk factors should the nurse include in the teaching?

A.Changing the dressing on the tracheostomy site is an important part of tracheostomy care, but it is not the first action that should be taken.

B.Suctioning the tracheostomy tube should only be performed if there are signs of airway obstruction (e.g., increased secretions, decreased oxygenation, or adventitious breath sounds). Suctioning too frequently or unnecessarily can cause mucosal damage and hypoxia.

C. Auscultating the lungs helps the nurse determine if there is increased secretions, diminished breath sounds, or other airway concerns that may require suctioning. This ensures that care is performed appropriately based on the client’s needs.

D.Cleaning the inner cannula is a necessary part of tracheostomy care, but it should bedone after assessing the airway and performing suctioning if needed.

Choice A rationale

Closing one’s eyes during wound dressing may indicate avoidance or denial, which are not effective coping strategies. It’s important for patients to be aware of their condition and participate in their care to the extent possible.

Choice B rationale

Spending the day staring at the TV may indicate withdrawal or depression, which are not signs of effective coping. Engaging in activities, socializing, and participating in physical therapy or rehabilitation can help improve mood and promote recovery.

Choice C rationale

While it’s normal for patients to want to stay home until they feel better or until they have completed reconstructive surgery, this statement alone does not necessarily indicate effective coping. It’s important for patients to gradually resume normal activities and social interactions as their condition allows.

Choice D rationale

Expressing a desire to see the surgical site indicates acceptance and a willingness to participate in care, which are signs of effective coping. This shows that the patient is taking an active role in their recovery and is not avoiding or denying their condition.