A nurse is providing preventive education to a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements made by the client indicates they understand proper foot care?
"I should use a heating pad when my feet are cold."
"I should plan to remain barefoot while I am at home."
"I should apply lotion between my toes twice a day."
"I should file the edges of my toenails after trimming them."
The Correct Answer is D
A. "I should use a heating pad when my feet are cold.": Clients with diabetes mellitus may have reduced sensation due to peripheral neuropathy. Using a heating pad increases the risk of burns or injury due to the inability to perceive excessive heat.
B. "I should plan to remain barefoot while I am at home.": Walking barefoot increases the risk of foot injuries, which can lead to infections and complications such as diabetic ulcers. Clients should always wear well-fitting shoes, even at home, to protect their feet.
C. "I should apply lotion between my toes twice a day.": Moisturizing the feet is important to prevent dryness and cracking, but applying lotion between the toes can create excess moisture, increasing the risk of fungal infections.
D. "I should file the edges of my toenails after trimming them.": Filing the edges helps smooth sharp corners, reducing the risk of ingrown toenails and foot injuries, which can be difficult to heal in individuals with diabetes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Begin a weight-bearing exercise program: Activities like walking, dancing, and resistance training help maintain bone density by stimulating osteoblast activity. Regular weight-bearing exercise strengthens bones and reduces the risk of fractures.
B. Avoid practicing yoga: Yoga can actually be beneficial for individuals with osteoporosis by improving balance, flexibility, and posture. However, certain high-impact or extreme bending poses should be avoided.
C. Continue jogging 1 to 2 miles per day: High-impact activities such as jogging can increase the risk of fractures in individuals with osteoporosis. Lower-impact exercises like walking or strength training are safer alternatives.
D. Walk at least 60 min every day: While walking is a good low-impact exercise, excessive walking without resistance or strength training may not provide sufficient bone-strengthening benefits. A structured weight-bearing exercise program is more effective.
Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"C"},"B":{"answers":"B"},"C":{"answers":"B"},"D":{"answers":"A,B,C"}}
Explanation
Sickle Cell Disease:
• Fatigue
Iron Deficiency Anemia:
• Ferritin level
• Fatigue
• Orthostatic hypotension
Pernicious Anemia:
• Vitamin B12 level
• Fatigue
Rationale:
• Vitamin B12 level: A decreased vitamin B12 level is characteristic of pernicious anemia, which results from impaired absorption of vitamin B12 due to intrinsic factor deficiency.
• Orthostatic hypotension: A drop in blood pressure upon standing is commonly seen in iron deficiency anemia due to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity and inadequate perfusion.
• Ferritin level: A low ferritin level indicates depleted iron stores, which is a hallmark of iron deficiency anemia.
• Fatigue: Fatigue is a common symptom in all three conditions due to reduced oxygen delivery to tissues. In sickle cell disease, fatigue results from chronic hemolysis and vaso-occlusive episodes. In iron deficiency anemia, it is caused by insufficient hemoglobin production. In pernicious anemia, fatigue results from ineffective erythropoiesis due to vitamin B12 deficiency.
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