A nurse is providing preventive education to a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements made by the client indicates they understand proper foot care?
"I should use a heating pad when my feet are cold."
"I should plan to remain barefoot while I am at home."
"I should apply lotion between my toes twice a day."
"I should file the edges of my toenails after trimming them."
The Correct Answer is D
A. "I should use a heating pad when my feet are cold.": Clients with diabetes mellitus may have reduced sensation due to peripheral neuropathy. Using a heating pad increases the risk of burns or injury due to the inability to perceive excessive heat.
B. "I should plan to remain barefoot while I am at home.": Walking barefoot increases the risk of foot injuries, which can lead to infections and complications such as diabetic ulcers. Clients should always wear well-fitting shoes, even at home, to protect their feet.
C. "I should apply lotion between my toes twice a day.": Moisturizing the feet is important to prevent dryness and cracking, but applying lotion between the toes can create excess moisture, increasing the risk of fungal infections.
D. "I should file the edges of my toenails after trimming them.": Filing the edges helps smooth sharp corners, reducing the risk of ingrown toenails and foot injuries, which can be difficult to heal in individuals with diabetes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Flushed cheeks: Tuberculosis typically presents with systemic symptoms such as fever, night sweats, and weight loss rather than flushed cheeks. Flushing is more commonly associated with fever spikes in other infections or conditions like menopause.
B. Severe headaches: Tuberculosis can cause headaches if it leads to tuberculous meningitis, but this is not a common initial symptom of pulmonary tuberculosis. Headaches are not a hallmark feature of active TB infection.
C. Low-grade fever: A persistent low-grade fever, particularly in the afternoon or evening, is a common symptom of tuberculosis. It is often accompanied by night sweats and weight loss due to the chronic inflammatory response.
D. Dry cough: The cough associated with tuberculosis is usually productive with purulent or blood-tinged sputum rather than dry. The infection causes lung tissue destruction, leading to a persistent cough with mucus production.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "This device delivers heat via electrodes that are attached to the affected area.": A TENS unit does not use heat for pain relief. It works by delivering low-voltage electrical impulses to the skin, stimulating nerve fibers to reduce pain perception.
B. "Adjust the dial until you feel a pins-and-needles sensation.": The intensity of the electrical stimulation should be adjusted to a comfortable level where the client feels a tingling or pins-and-needles sensation. This indicates that the nerves are being stimulated appropriately for pain relief.
C. "You can apply the electrodes directly over sensitive areas of skin.": Electrodes should not be placed on irritated, broken, or sensitive skin, as this can cause discomfort or skin damage. Placement should follow guidelines to ensure effective and safe pain management.
D. "This device requires access to a 220-volt outlet.": TENS units are battery-operated and do not require a high-voltage power source. This makes them portable and convenient for home use.
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