A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has stage 2 HIV disease and is having difficulty maintaining normal weight. Which of the following statements by the client should indicate to the nurse an understanding of the teaching?

"I will add high-protein foods or finger foods to my diet"

1 will drink up to 1 liter of liquid each day"

"I will be sure to eat three large meals daily"

"I will choose a diet high in fat to help gain weight"

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   This statement indicates a good understanding of nutritional needs. High-protein foods are essential for maintaining muscle mass and supporting immune function, particularly for individuals with HIV. Finger foods can also help if the client has a reduced appetite or difficulty with larger meals.
B.   While hydration is important, 1 liter may not be sufficient for overall health, especially if the client is experiencing weight loss or other symptoms of dehydration. The nurse would typically recommend a higher intake, considering fluid needs can vary based on activity level and overall health.
C.   This statement may not be optimal for weight gain. For someone struggling with weight maintenance, smaller, more frequent meals may be more beneficial than three large meals. Large meals might lead to fullness and decrease overall caloric intake, which can hinder weight gain efforts.
D.   While fats can provide a high caloric density, a diet excessively high in unhealthy fats is not ideal. It’s important to focus on healthy fats (like avocados, nuts, and olive oil) rather than just increasing fat intake indiscriminately.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Oxygen therapy may be indicated if the patient shows signs of respiratory distress or has low oxygen saturation levels, but it does not address the underlying pain or dehydration associated with the crisis.
B. Blood transfusions can be an effective treatment for severe complications of sickle cell disease, including acute chest syndrome or severe anemia. However, transfusions are not typically the immediate priority in the early management of a sickle cell crisis unless there is a clear indication of severe anemia or complications.
C. IV fluid therapy is crucial for managing dehydration, which can exacerbate sickle cell crises. Adequate hydration helps reduce blood viscosity and can alleviate some symptoms. However, while important, fluid therapy alone does not address the immediate and often severe pain that patients experience.
D. Pain management is the top priority in the management of a patient in a sickle cell crisis. Patients often experience severe pain due to vaso-occlusive events, and addressing pain is essential for patient comfort and quality of care.

A. They will be treated with medications for 2 years B. They will always test negative on a Mantoux test C. They can spread it to others until they have 3 negative sputum tests D. They can't spread it to others

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. While patients with latent TB may be treated to prevent progression to active TB, the treatment duration is generally shorter—typically around 3 to 9 months, depending on the medication regimen (e.g., isoniazid for 9 months or rifampin for 4 months).
B. Individuals with latent TB will usually test positive on a Mantoux test (also known as a tuberculin skin test), indicating they have been exposed to the TB bacteria. However, those with latent TB do not have active disease and may not have symptoms.
C. Individuals with latent TB do not spread the bacteria to others because the infection is contained and does not cause active disease. Only those with active TB can transmit the bacteria, regardless of sputum test results.
D. Patients with latent TB are not contagious and cannot spread the bacteria to others. The bacteria remain inactive in the body, and only a small percentage of these individuals may develop active TB in the future.

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A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has stage 2 HIV disease and is having difficulty maintaining normal weight. Which of the following statements by the client should indicate to the nurse an understanding of the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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