A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has heart failure. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Alternate activity and rest.

Reduce sodium intake to 2 g per day.

Consume a low-fiber diet.

Gradually increase activity each day.

Eat small, frequent meals each day.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D,E

A. Alternate activity and rest. Clients with heart failure should balance activity and rest to prevent overexertion and minimize cardiac workload. Frequent rest periods help conserve energy and reduce symptoms such as dyspnea and fatigue.
B. Reduce sodium intake to 2 g per day. Limiting sodium intake helps prevent fluid retention and reduces the risk of worsening heart failure. Excess sodium contributes to increased blood volume and exacerbates symptoms such as edema and shortness of breath.
C. Consume a low-fiber diet. A low-fiber diet is not necessary for heart failure management. Adequate fiber intake is beneficial for preventing constipation, which can increase strain during bowel movements and lead to hemodynamic stress. A high-fiber diet is generally encouraged.
D. Gradually increase activity each day. Clients should slowly increase their activity level based on tolerance to improve cardiovascular function. Overexertion should be avoided, but regular, controlled exercise helps maintain mobility and enhance overall heart health.
E. Eat small, frequent meals each day. Eating smaller meals reduces gastric distension and minimizes pressure on the diaphragm, which can help alleviate shortness of breath. Large meals can increase metabolic demands and contribute to discomfort in clients with heart failure.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR). The PDR is a comprehensive drug reference that provides essential information on medications, including indications, dosages, contraindications, adverse effects, and interactions. It is a reliable resource for nurses to review before administering an unfamiliar medication.
B. State Nurse Practice Act (NPA). The NPA defines the scope of nursing practice and legal responsibilities but does not provide specific drug information. While it guides nurses on legal and ethical aspects of medication administration, it is not a medication reference.
C. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). AHRQ focuses on improving healthcare quality and patient safety but does not serve as a primary source for drug-specific information. It provides guidelines and research on best practices rather than detailed medication data.
D. Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN). QSEN aims to improve nursing education and competency in patient safety but does not offer detailed drug reference materials. It emphasizes principles such as evidence-based practice and quality improvement rather than specific medication details.

A. Use the arms to pick up heavy items. B. Raise chairs to keep knees lower than hips. C. Perform pelvic rocking exercises several times per day. D. Sit in a hot tub for 30 min every evening.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Use the arms to pick up heavy items. Lifting heavy objects using only the arms increases strain on the back, worsening pain. Pregnant clients should bend at the knees and lift with their legs while keeping the back straight to reduce stress on the lumbar region.
B. Raise chairs to keep knees lower than hips. Sitting with knees lower than the hips can worsen lumbar lordosis, increasing back discomfort. Instead, knees should be at or slightly above hip level to maintain spinal alignment and reduce strain on the lower back.
C. Perform pelvic rocking exercises several times per day. Pelvic rocking strengthens and stretches lower back muscles, improving flexibility and reducing discomfort. This exercise helps alleviate strain from the growing uterus and supports better posture, decreasing back pain.
D. Sit in a hot tub for 30 min every evening. Prolonged exposure to high temperatures, such as in a hot tub, can cause maternal hyperthermia, increasing the risk of fetal neural tube defects. Warm baths are a safer option to relieve muscle tension without harmful effects.

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A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has heart failure. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

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