A nurse is reinforcing education to a group of clients about the process of neurotransmission. Which of the following statements about neurotransmission should the nurse make?

"Neurotransmitters are chemical components that allow neurons to store energy for future use."

"Neurotransmitters are activated by the enzyme transferase."

"Neurotransmitters function by inhibiting the production of glucose."

"Neurotransmitters are found throughout the body."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Neurotransmitters are chemical components that allow neurons to store energy for future use. Neurotransmitters do not store energy; they facilitate communication between neurons by transmitting signals across synapses. Their primary function is to modulate brain activity, not energy storage.
B. Neurotransmitters are activated by the enzyme transferase. Neurotransmitters are not activated by transferase. They are synthesized, stored in vesicles, and released into the synaptic cleft in response to an action potential, where they bind to receptors to elicit a response.
C. Neurotransmitters function by inhibiting the production of glucose. Neurotransmitters do not inhibit glucose production. They play a role in neuronal signaling, affecting mood, cognition, and physiological processes, but do not directly regulate glucose metabolism.
D. Neurotransmitters are found throughout the body. Neurotransmitters exist in both the central and peripheral nervous systems, regulating various functions such as mood, movement, and autonomic responses. They are essential for communication between neurons in the brain and throughout the body.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Depression. Depression is typically characterized by low energy, feelings of sadness, and withdrawal from activities. Hyperactivity and pacing are not consistent with depressive symptoms, as individuals with depression often exhibit psychomotor retardation rather than excessive movement.
B. Delusions. Delusions are fixed, false beliefs that are not based on reality, such as paranoia or grandiosity. While delusions can occur in mania, the client's primary symptoms of hyperactivity, pacing, and poor concentration are more indicative of a manic episode rather than delusional thinking alone.
C. Hallucinations. Hallucinations involve sensory perceptions that occur without external stimuli, such as hearing voices or seeing things that are not there. The client’s symptoms do not indicate hallucinations but rather heightened activity levels and distractibility.
D. Mania. Mania is characterized by hyperactivity, excessive energy, rapid speech, and poor concentration. Pacing and an inability to focus during group therapy suggest an elevated mood state, making mania the most appropriate identification of the client’s manifestations.

A. Cyclothymic disorder B. Postpartum depression C. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder D. Bipolar disorder

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Cyclothymic disorder: Cyclothymic disorder involves chronic mood instability with alternating hypomanic and depressive symptoms for at least two years. These mood fluctuations occur independently of the menstrual cycle and do not meet the criteria for major mood episodes.
B. Postpartum depression: Postpartum depression occurs within weeks to months after childbirth and presents with persistent sadness, fatigue, and emotional distress. It is unrelated to the menstrual cycle and requires medical treatment such as therapy and antidepressants.
C. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder is marked by mood disturbances, including depressed mood, irritability, and anxiety, occurring in the luteal phase before menstruation. Symptoms resolve after menstruation begins, and treatment may include SSRIs, hormonal therapy, or lifestyle modifications.
D. Bipolar disorder: Bipolar disorder involves episodes of mania and depression that are unrelated to hormonal changes in the menstrual cycle. Manic episodes present with impulsivity and grandiosity, while depressive episodes cause low energy and anhedonia, requiring mood stabilizers.

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A nurse is reinforcing education to a group of clients about the process of neurotransmission. Which of the following statements about neurotransmission should the nurse make?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is assisting in the care of a client who is hyperactive, pacing down the hallway, and exhibiting poor concentration during group therapy. When collecting data, the nurse should identify that which of the following is characteristic of the client's manifestations?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is assisting in the care for a client who is exhibiting a depressed mood one week before the start of their menstrual cycle. When collecting data, the nurse should identify that the client is exhibiting manifestations consistent with which of the following disorders?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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