A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a knee injury. When describing range-of-motion exercises, the nurse should explain that the knee is which of the following types of joints?
Pivot
Hinge
Ball and socket
Gliding
The Correct Answer is B
The knee is a hinge type of joint. When describing range-of-motion exercises, the nurse should explain that the knee is a hinge joint. A hinge joint is a type of synovial joint that mainly allows for flexion and extension (and a small degree of medial and lateral rotation)¹. The knee joint is formed by articulations between the patella, femur, and tibia.
a. The knee is not a pivot joint.
c. The knee is not a ball and socket joint.
d. The knee is not a gliding joint.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Boutonniere deformity is an expected finding for a client who has rheumatoid arthritis. It is a type of hand deformity that can occur in people with rheumatoid arthritis. It is characterized by a bent middle finger joint and a hyperextended fingertip.
Tophi, osteoma, and Heberden's nodules are not expected findings for a client who has rheumatoid arthritis. Tophi are deposits of uric acid crystals that can occur in people with gout. Osteoma is a benign bone tumour. Heberden's nodules are bony growths that can occur in people with osteoarthritis.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Checking capillary refill in the affected extremity every 4 hr is an important intervention for a nurse to include in the plan of care for an older adult client who is 4 hr postoperative following an open reduction and internal fixation of a fractured femur. This helps to monitor the blood flow to the affected extremity and ensure that it is adequate.
a. Maintaining the client on bed rest for 72 hr after surgery is not necessarily required for a patient who has undergone an open reduction and internal fixation of a fractured femur. The patient's mobility should be determined by their individual needs and the surgeon's instructions.
c. Restricting oral fluid intake to 1,000 ml per day is not necessary for a patient who has undergone an open reduction and internal fixation of a fractured femur. The patient's fluid intake should be determined by their individual needs and any medical conditions they may have.
d. Removing antiembolic stockings once each day to examine skin integrity is not necessarily required for a patient who has undergone an open reduction and internal fixation of a fractured femur. The use of antiembolic stockings and their removal should be determined by the patient's individual needs and the surgeon's instructions.
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