A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the family of an older adult client about safety precautions. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse include to reduce the risk of a client fall? (Select all that apply.)

A. Disinfect hands using an alcohol-based waterless antiseptic:

While alcohol-based hand sanitizers are effective against many germs, including bacteria, they may not be as effective against C. difficile. Soap and water are preferable for hand hygiene in C. difficile cases because alcohol does not effectively kill the spores.

B. Wear an N95 respirator when caring for the client:

The primary mode of transmission for C. difficile is through the fecal-oral route, and respiratory precautions are not necessary. Standard precautions, including wearing gloves and gowns, are generally sufficient.

C. Use diluted bleach to clean soiled equipment:

This is the correct answer. Bleach is an effective disinfectant against C. difficile spores. It is recommended for cleaning surfaces and equipment that may be contaminated.

D. Provide a room with negative-pressure airflow:

Negative-pressure airflow rooms are typically reserved for airborne infections, and they are not necessary for C. difficile. Standard precautions, along with thorough cleaning and disinfection, are the key measures.

A. Use an air-assisted device.

Using an air-assisted device, such as a hover mat or air mattress, is an appropriate measure when repositioning a client with a pressure ulcer. These devices help reduce friction and shear forces, minimizing the risk of further skin breakdown. It also aids in maintaining the skin's integrity during movement, making it a suitable choice for the prevention of pressure ulcers.

B. Position the bed in reverse Trendelenburg:

Positioning the bed in reverse Trendelenburg involves raising the foot of the bed higher than the head. This position is not specifically related to pressure ulcer prevention or repositioning. It may be used for other medical reasons, but it does not directly address the issue of pressure ulcer care.

C. Elevate the head of bed to a 45° angle:

While elevating the head of the bed is commonly used for various reasons, including respiratory support or preventing aspiration, it may not be directly related to the repositioning of a client with a pressure ulcer. The angle mentioned (45°) is not specifically associated with pressure ulcer care.

D. Lower the bed close to the ground:

Lowering the bed close to the ground may be a safety measure to prevent injuries from falls, but it does not address the specific needs of repositioning a client with a pressure ulcer. The focus in pressure ulcer care is typically on using appropriate devices and techniques to minimize friction and pressure on vulnerable areas of the skin.