A nurse is reviewing documentation for a newly admitted pregnant client. Which of the following findings constitutes a clinically positive sign of pregnancy. confirming the presence of a fetus rather than indicating a probable or presumptive state?
Subjective report of quickening at 18 weeks gestation in a multiparous client
A positive serum hCG level and Goodell's sign on pelvic exam
Visualization of the gestational sac by ultrasound at 5 weeks gestation
Fetal heart tones auscultated by Doppler at 11 weeks gestation
The Correct Answer is D
A. Subjective report of quickening at 18 weeks gestation in a multiparous client: Quickening, or maternal perception of fetal movement, is considered a presumptive sign of pregnancy because it is subjective and can be influenced by gastrointestinal activity or abdominal muscle contractions.
B. A positive serum hCG level and Goodell’s sign on pelvic exam: Both findings are classified as probable signs of pregnancy. While hCG indicates hormonal changes and Goodell’s sign reflects cervical softening, these findings may also occur due to other hormonal conditions.
C. Visualization of the gestational sac by ultrasound at 5 weeks gestation: The presence of a gestational sac alone is an early probable sign but not diagnostic of a viable pregnancy. A definitive, or positive, sign requires visualization of an embryo or detection of fetal cardiac activity on ultrasound.
D. Fetal heart tones auscultated by Doppler at 11 weeks gestation: Detection of fetal heart tones is a clinically positive sign of pregnancy, confirming the presence of a living fetus. This finding provides objective evidence of fetal life and distinguishes true pregnancy from other physiologic or hormonal changes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Extending postpartum hospital stays offers limited benefit in reducing infant mortality, as most neonatal deaths are related to conditions arising before or during birth rather than after discharge. The focus should instead be on prevention through early prenatal care.
B. While obstetricians provide specialized care, many healthy pregnancies can be safely managed by nurse-midwives or family physicians. Access to care, not provider type, has a greater influence on reducing infant mortality rates.
C. Although NICUs are vital for high-risk or premature infants, they address complications after they occur rather than preventing them. Preventive strategies in prenatal care are more effective in reducing overall infant mortality.
D. Early and consistent prenatal care promotes maternal health, early detection of complications, and improved fetal outcomes. Such programs help prevent preterm birth, low birth weight, and other major contributors to infant mortality.
Correct Answer is ["On her left side"]
Explanation
Sleeping on the left side enhances venous return and optimizes uteroplacental blood flow by preventing compression of the inferior vena cava and aorta by the gravid uterus. This position promotes better oxygen and nutrient delivery to the fetus while reducing maternal hypotension, dizziness, and edema. Supine or right-side sleeping can impair circulation, leading to decreased cardiac output and fetal perfusion, especially in later pregnancy.
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