A nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a client who has a fungal infection and is receiving itraconazole therapy.
Which of the following findings should alert the nurse to a potential adverse effect of this medication?

Elevated serum creatinine level

Decreased serum potassium level

Increased serum glucose level

Decreased white blood cell count.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

This is because itraconazole can cause renal impairment and decreased urine output as an adverse effect. A normal serum creatinine level is 0.6 to 1.2 mg/dL for males and 0.5 to 1.1 mg/dL for females.

Choice B is wrong because decreased serum potassium level is not an adverse effect of itraconazole. Itraconazole can cause hypokalemia, which is a low level of potassium in the blood, but this is usually due to fluid retention and heart failure caused by the drug. A normal serum potassium level is 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L.

Choice C is wrong because increased serum glucose level is not an adverse effect of itraconazole. Itraconazole can cause hyperglycemia, which is a high level of glucose in the blood, but this is usually due to diabetes mellitus or steroid use in patients taking the drug. A normal serum glucose level is 70 to 100 mg/dL.

Choice D is wrong because decreased white blood cell count is not an adverse effect of itraconazole. Itraconazole can cause leukopenia, which is a low level of white blood cells in the blood, but this is usually due to bone marrow suppression or infection in patients taking the drug. A normal white blood cell count is 4,500 to 11,000 cells/mm3.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A superinfection is defined as an infection that comes second to an initial infection and is often caused by the elimination of normal flora by an antibiotic.

Normal flora are the microorganisms that normally live in the human body and help prevent the growth of harmful pathogens.

When an antibiotic kills the normal flora, it creates an opportunity for other microorganisms to overgrow and cause a new infection.

Choice A is wrong because a resistant infection is an infection that does not respond to an antibiotic due to the presence of resistant bacteria.

Resistance can occur when bacteria mutate or acquire genes that make them able to survive the antibiotic.

Choice C is wrong because a nosocomial infection is an infection that is acquired in a hospital or health care setting.

Nosocomial infections can be caused by various factors, such as exposure to contaminated equipment, poor hygiene practices, or transmission from other patients or staff.

Choice D is wrong because an allergic reaction is an immune response to a foreign substance that is not harmful.

Allergic reactions can occur when a person is sensitive to an antibiotic or any other drug.

Symptoms of an allergic reaction may include rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing.

A. Photosensitivity B. Tooth discoloration C. Hepatic impairment D. Superinfection E. Bone marrow suppression.

Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

Tetracycline can causephotosensitivity, which means increased sensitivity to sunlight and risk of sunburn.It can also causesuperinfection, which means overgrowth of resistant bacteria or fungi in the mouth, intestines, or vagina.

Choice B is wrong because tetracycline can causetooth discolorationin children under 8 years old, not in adults.

Choice C is wrong because tetracycline can causehepatic impairmentonly in patients with preexisting liver disease or who take high doses for a long time.

Choice E is wrong because tetracycline can causebone marrow suppressiononly in patients with preexisting blood disorders or who take high doses for a long time.

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A nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a client who has a fungal infection and is receiving itraconazole therapy. Which of the following findings should alert the nurse to a potential adverse effect of this medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The development of a new infection as a result of the elimination of normal flora by an antibiotic is referred to as what?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is administering tetracycline, a broad-spectrum antibiotic, to a patient who has acne vulgaris. The nurse should monitor the patient for which of the following adverse effects of this medication? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

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A nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a client who has a fungal infection and is receiving itraconazole therapy.
Which of the following findings should alert the nurse to a potential adverse effect of this medication?