(Select all that apply) A microbe acquires antibiotic resistance by which means?

Development of medication resistance in the host

Over-riding of the minimum bactericidal concentration

Incorrect dosing, which contributes to ribosome mutations

Transfer of DNA coding to other bacteria

Spontaneous mutation in the microbial genome.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : D,E

A microbe acquires antibiotic resistance by transferring DNA coding to other bacteria or by spontaneous mutation in the microbial genome.

These genetic changes allow the microbe to survive the effects of the antibiotic and pass on the resistance to its offspring.

Choice A is wrong because the host does not develop medication resistance, but the microbe does.

Choice B is wrong because the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) is the lowest concentration of an antibiotic needed to kill 99.9% of bacteria, not a mechanism of resistance.

Choice C is wrong because incorrect dosing does not cause ribosome mutations, but may promote the emergence of drug-resistant microbes by exposing them to suboptimal levels of the antibiotic.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse should instruct the client about this possibility and reassure them that it is harmless and will disappear when the medication is discontinued.

Choice B is wrong because metallic taste in mouth is not a side effect of rifampin, but of metronidazole, an antibiotic used to treat infections caused by anaerobic bacteria or protozoa.

Choice C is wrong because photosensitivity reaction is not a side effect of rifampin, but of tetracycline, an antibiotic used to treat acne and other infections.

Choice D is wrong because ototoxicity is not a side effect of rifampin, but of aminoglycosides, a class of antibiotics used to treat serious infections caused by gram-negative bacteria.

Ototoxicity can cause hearing loss or balance problems.

A. Liver function tests B. Renal function tests C. Blood pressure D. Complete blood count E. Electrocardiogram.

Correct Answer is ["B","D"]

Explanation

Flucytosine can cause bone marrow suppression and renal toxicity, so the nurse should monitor the client’s renal function tests and complete blood count before giving this medication.

These tests can help detect any signs of anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, or impaired kidney function that may require dose adjustment or discontinuation of the drug.

Choice A is wrong because flucytosine does not affect liver function significantly.Choice C is wrong because flucytosine does not cause changes in blood pressure.Choice E is wrong because flucytosine does not affect cardiac function or cause arrhythmias.

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(Select all that apply) A microbe acquires antibiotic resistance by which means?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has tuberculosis and is prescribed rifampin, an antitubercular drug. The nurse should instruct the client about which potential side effect of rifampin?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer flucytosine to a client who has a systemic fungal infection. Which of the following assessments should the nurse perform before giving this medication? (Select all that apply.).

Correct Answer is ["B","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a client who has a fungal infection and is receiving itraconazole therapy. Which of the following findings should alert the nurse to a potential adverse effect of this medication?

A nurse is caring for a client who has trichomoniasis and is prescribed tinidazole. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give to the client?

A nurse is caring for a client who has a severe infection and is receiving vancomycin (Vancocin). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following manifestations of ototoxicity?

A nurse is administering tetracycline, a broad-spectrum antibiotic, to a patient who has acne vulgaris. The nurse should monitor the patient for which of the following adverse effects of this medication? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, for a severe infection. The nurse should monitor the client for which adverse effects of this drug? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is preparing to administer ceftriaxone (Rocephin) to a client who has pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. The nurse should recognize that ceftriaxone belongs to which generation of cephalosporins?

A nurse is preparing to administer ivermectin to a client who has onchocerciasis (river blindness). Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor for in this client?

A patient is receiving cefazolin, a first-generation cephalosporin, for a surgical prophylaxis. The nurse should assess the patient for which of the following possible allergic reactions? (Select all that apply.)