Which of the following antiviral medications prevents viral fusion with host cell membrane?
Maraviroc
Abacavir
Darunavir
Fosamprenavir.
The Correct Answer is A
Maraviroc is a CCR5 coreceptor antagonist that blocks the receptor site the HIV virus needs to interact with in order to enter the cell. It prevents viral fusion with host cell membrane by binding to the CCR5 receptor on CD4+ T cells and macrophages.
Choice B is wrong because Abacavir is wrong because it is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) that inhibits the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which converts viral RNA into DNA.
It does not prevent viral fusion with host cell membrane.
Choice C is wrong because Darunavir is wrong because it is a protease inhibitor (PI) that inhibits the enzyme protease, which cleaves viral proteins into functional units.
It does not prevent viral fusion with host cell membrane.
Choice D is wrong because Fosamprenavir is wrong because it is also a protease inhibitor (PI) that inhibits the enzyme protease.
It does not prevent viral fusion with host cell membrane.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
This is because itraconazole can cause renal impairment and decreased urine output as an adverse effect.A normal serum creatinine level is 0.6 to 1.2 mg/dL for males and 0.5 to 1.1 mg/dL for females.
Choice B is wrong because decreased serum potassium level is not an adverse effect of itraconazole.Itraconazole can cause hypokalemia, which is a low level of potassium in the blood, but this is usually due to fluid retention and heart failure caused by the drug.A normal serum potassium level is 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L.
Choice C is wrong because increased serum glucose level is not an adverse effect of itraconazole.Itraconazole can cause hyperglycemia, which is a high level of glucose in the blood, but this is usually due to diabetes mellitus or steroid use in patients taking the drug.A normal serum glucose level is 70 to 100 mg/dL.
Choice D is wrong because decreased white blood cell count is not an adverse effect of itraconazole.Itraconazole can cause leukopenia, which is a low level of white blood cells in the blood, but this is usually due to bone marrow suppression or infection in patients taking the drug.A normal white blood cell count is 4,500 to 11,000 cells/mm3.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Ceftriaxone belongs to the third-generation of cephalosporins.Third-generation cephalosporins have greater activity than the second-generation cephalosporins against certain gram-negative bacteria, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae.They are also more resistant to beta-lactamases, enzymes that can inactivate some cephalosporins.
Choice A is wrong because first-generation cephalosporins have less activity against gram-negative bacteria and are more susceptible to beta-lactamases.
Choice B is wrong because second-generation cephalosporins have less activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae than third-generation cephalosporins, and are also less resistant to beta-lactamases.
Choice D is wrong because fourth-generation cephalosporins have a broader spectrum of activity against gram-negative bacteria, including some that are resistant to third-generation cephalosporins, but they are not more effective against Streptococcus pneumoniae.
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