A nurse is reviewing laboratory results of a client who has atrial fibrillation and is taking warfarin. For which of the following results should the nurse notify the provider?

Choice A reason: "I'll be sure to eat more foods with vitamin K." is not the correct statement. Vitamin K is a nutrient that helps the blood to clot. Warfarin is an anticoagulant that inhibits the action of vitamin K and prevents the formation of blood clots. Eating more foods with vitamin K can counteract the effect of warfarin and increase the risk of thrombosis. The client should maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K and avoid sudden changes in their diet.

Choice B reason: "I'll take aspirin for my headaches." is not the correct statement. Aspirin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that inhibits platelet aggregation and prolongs bleeding time. Taking aspirin with warfarin can increase the risk of bleeding and bruising. The client should avoid taking any NSAIDs without consulting their provider. The client should use acetaminophen or other non-NSAID pain relievers for their headaches.

Choice C reason: "I'll use my electric razor for shaving." is the correct statement. Using an electric razor for shaving can reduce the risk of cuts and bleeding. The client should avoid using sharp objects or instruments that can cause injury or trauma. The client should also use a soft toothbrush and floss gently to prevent bleeding gums.

Choice D reason: "It's okay to have a couple of glasses of wine with dinner each evening." is not the correct statement. Alcohol can interact with warfarin and affect its metabolism and effectiveness. Drinking alcohol with warfarin can either increase or decrease the blood levels of warfarin and alter the international normalized ratio (INR), which is a measure of the blood's clotting ability. The client should limit their alcohol intake and monitor their INR regularly.

Choice A reason: Bradycardia is not an adverse effect of diphenhydramine. Bradycardia is a slow heart rate, usually below 60 beats per minute. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine that blocks the effects of histamine, a chemical that causes allergic reactions. Diphenhydramine does not affect the heart rate, although it may cause palpitations or irregular heartbeat in some cases.

Choice B reason: Constipation is an adverse effect of diphenhydramine. Constipation is a condition in which the bowel movements are infrequent, hard, or difficult to pass. Diphenhydramine has anticholinergic properties, which means it inhibits the activity of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that regulates the smooth muscle contraction in the gastrointestinal tract. Diphenhydramine can reduce the intestinal motility and cause constipation, as well as dry mouth, blurred vision, and urinary retention.

Choice C reason: Hypertension is not an adverse effect of diphenhydramine. Hypertension is a condition in which the blood pressure is abnormally high, usually above 140/90 mmHg. Diphenhydramine does not affect the blood pressure, although it may cause orthostatic hypotension, which is a sudden drop in blood pressure when changing positions from lying to standing. This can cause dizziness, fainting, or falls.

Choice D reason: Sedation is an adverse effect of diphenhydramine. Sedation is a state of reduced alertness, awareness, or responsiveness. Diphenhydramine can cross the blood-brain barrier and affect the central nervous system, causing drowsiness, fatigue, impaired coordination, and reduced mental performance. Diphenhydramine can also potentiate the effects of alcohol and other sedatives, such as benzodiazepines, opioids, or barbiturates. The nurse should advise the client to avoid driving, operating machinery, or performing other tasks that require attention and concentration while taking diphenhydramine.