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A nurse is reviewing the ABG results of a client who has COPD. The results include a pH of 7.3 (7.35 to 7.45), PaO2 56 mm Hg (80 to 100 mm Hg), PaCO2 54 mm Hg (35 to 45 mm Hg), HCO3- 26 mEq/L (21 to 28 mEq/L), and SaO2 87%. Which of the following is the correct interpretation of these values?

A.

Compensated metabolic acidosis

B.

Compensated respiratory acidosis

C.

Uncompensated respiratory acidosis

D.

Uncompensated metabolic acidosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Compensated metabolic acidosis would show a normal pH with a decrease in HCO3- and a decrease in PaCO2. 

B. Compensated respiratory acidosis would show a normal pH with an elevated PaCO2 and a compensatory increase in HCO3-. 

C. The low pH indicates acidosis, and the elevated PaCO2 suggests that it is respiratory in origin, with the HCO3- remaining normal, indicating no compensation has occurred yet. 

D. Uncompensated metabolic acidosis would present with a low pH, low HCO3-, and normal PaCO2.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Arterial blood gases (ABGs) are typically used to assess respiratory function and acid-base balance, which are not primary concerns with valproic acid use.

B. Serum liver enzyme levels are critical to monitor due to the risk of hepatotoxicity associated with valproic acid therapy, making this test essential for safe management.

C. A chest X-ray is generally used to assess respiratory conditions, not relevant for monitoring the effects of valproic acid.

D. Urine culture and sensitivity are used to diagnose urinary tract infections and are not relevant to the monitoring of valproic acid therapy.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. This response validates the client's feelings and opens the door for further conversation without judgment, encouraging the client to express more of their thoughts.

B. While this statement acknowledges the client's feelings, it may seem dismissive or minimize the depth of the client's distress.

C. Telling the client that many people experience similar feelings can invalidate the uniqueness of their grief and may discourage them from sharing more.

D. Asking "Why" may sound accusatory and could make the client feel defensive or misunderstood.

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