A nurse is reviewing the laboratory reports of a client who is undergoing nutritional screening due to a risk for chronic kidney disease. The nurse should identify that which of the following results indicates the need for further assessment?
Serum creatinine 3.5 mg/dL
Hematocrit 45%
Blood urea nitrogen 18 mg/dL
Sodium 140 mEq/L
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Serum creatinine 3.5 mg/dL is high and indicates the need for further assessment. Creatinine is a waste product of muscle metabolism that is filtered by the kidneys. High creatinine levels can indicate kidney damage or impaired renal function.
Choice B reason: Hematocrit 45% is within the normal range (37-47% for women, 40-50% for men), and it does not indicate the need for further assessment. Hematocrit is the percentage of red blood cells in the blood. Low hematocrit levels can indicate anemia, bleeding, or hemolysis.
Choice C reason: Blood urea nitrogen 18 mg/dL is within the normal range (7-20), and it does not indicate the need for further assessment. Blood urea nitrogen is a waste product of protein metabolism that is filtered by the kidneys. High blood urea nitrogen levels can indicate dehydration, kidney damage, or high protein intake.
Choice D reason: Sodium 140 mEq/L is within the normal range (135-145), and it does not indicate the need for further assessment. Sodium is an electrolyte that helps maintain fluid balance, blood pressure, and nerve impulses. Low or high sodium levels can cause confusion, seizures, or coma.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Alternating the first breast that is offered to the baby with each feeding can help ensure equal stimulation and drainage of both breasts, and prevent engorgement, mastitis, or milk supply problems.
Choice B reason: Storing breastmilk in the refrigerator up to 48 hours is not recommended, as it can reduce the quality and quantity of antibodies and nutrients in the milk. The optimal storage time for breastmilk in the refrigerator is up to 24 hours.
Choice C reason: Nursing the baby once every 4 hours is not sufficient, as it can lead to insufficient milk intake, dehydration, weight loss, or jaundice in the baby. The baby should be nursed on demand, or at least every 2 to 3 hours during the day and every 4 hours at night.
Choice D reason: Offering the baby water between feedings is not necessary, as it can interfere with breastfeeding and cause water intoxication or electrolyte imbalance in the baby. Breastmilk provides enough hydration and nutrition for the baby.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Hot dog cut in fourths is not an appropriate food choice for toddlers because it is still a choking hazard. Hot dogs are cylindrical and firm, which can block the airway of a child. Hot dogs should be avoided or cut into thin slices and small pieces before offering to toddlers.
Choice B reason: Cooked spaghetti with sauce is an appropriate food choice for toddlers because it is soft, easy to chew, and provides carbohydrates, protein, and vitamins. Cooked spaghetti can be cut into short strands and mixed with sauce to make it more appealing and moist for toddlers.
Choice C reason: Steak cut into small pieces is not an appropriate food choice for toddlers because it is tough, dry, and hard to chew. Steak can cause choking or difficulty swallowing for toddlers who have not developed their molars and chewing skills. Steak should be avoided or minced and moistened before offering to toddlers.
Choice D reason: Caramel popcorn is not an appropriate food choice for toddlers because it is sticky, sweet, and hard. Caramel popcorn can stick to the teeth and gums, causing dental caries and gum infections. Popcorn can also cause choking or aspiration for toddlers who have not mastered their swallowing reflex. Popcorn should be avoided until the child is at least 4 years old.
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