A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client who has a history of atherosclerosis and notes elevated cholesterol levels. Which of the following statements by the client indicates the nurse should plan follow-up teaching on a low-cholesterol diet?

"I cook my food with canola oil."

"I eat two eggs for breakfast each morning

"I flavor my meat with lemon juice."

"I take an omega-3 supplement daily."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Canola oil is a healthier option compared to oils high in saturated fats, such as butter or lard. It does not significantly contribute to dietary cholesterol intake. Therefore, this statement does not indicate a need for follow-up teaching on a low-cholesterol diet.
B.   Eggs are high in dietary cholesterol, and consuming two eggs daily can significantly increase cholesterol intake. For someone with elevated cholesterol levels or a history of atherosclerosis, this dietary habit may contribute to further elevation of cholesterol levels and potentially worsen cardiovascular health. Hence, this statement indicates the need for follow-up teaching on reducing dietary cholesterol intake.
C.   Lemon juice is a low-calorie and low-cholesterol flavoring option. It does not significantly impact cholesterol intake. Therefore, this statement does not indicate a need for follow-up teaching on a low- cholesterol diet.
D.   Omega-3 fatty acids are beneficial for heart health and do not contribute to dietary cholesterol intake. In fact, they may help reduce triglyceride levels and inflammation. Therefore, this statement does not indicate a need for follow-up teaching on a low-cholesterol diet.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. This condition occurs because the suctioning can lead to a significant loss of hydrochloric acid from the stomach. Since hydrochloric acid is one of the components that maintain the acid-base balance in the body, its loss can lead to an increase in blood pH, causing alkalosis
B. Respiratory acidosis occurs due to retention of carbon dioxide (CO2), leading to an increase in PaCO2 and a decrease in pH. In the context of a small bowel obstruction with nasogastric tube suctioning, this is less likely unless there are concurrent respiratory issues.
C. This condition occurs because the suctioning can lead to a significant loss of hydrochloric acid from the stomach. Since hydrochloric acid is one of the components that maintain the acid-base balance in the body, its loss can lead to an increase in blood pH, causing alkalosis. Acidosis is, therefore, unlikely.
D. Respiratory alkalosis occurs due to hyperventilation, leading to a decrease in PaCO2 and an increase in pH. This is less likely in the context of nasogastric tube suctioning unless there are other contributing factors.

A. PaCO2 above 45 mm Hg B. HCO3 above 26 mEq/L C. PaO, below 70 mm Hg D. pH below 3.5

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. PaCO2 (partial pressure of carbon dioxide) reflects the respiratory component of acid-base balance. In metabolic acidosis, the respiratory system compensates by increasing ventilation to decrease PaCO2 (hyperventilation). Therefore, PaCO2 is typically below normal (less than 35-45 mm Hg) in metabolic acidosis, not above 45 mm Hg.
B. HCO3 (bicarbonate) is a buffer that helps regulate pH in the body. In metabolic acidosis, there is a primary decrease in HCO3 due to either increased acid production (e.g., lactic acidosis, ketoacidosis) or decreased acid elimination (e.g., renal failure). Therefore, HCO3 is typically below normal (< 22-26 mEq/L) in metabolic acidosis, not above 26 mEq/L.
C. PaO2 (partial pressure of oxygen) measures the oxygen level in the blood. It is not directly related to the diagnosis of metabolic acidosis. Low PaO2 levels may indicate respiratory dysfunction or impaired gas exchange but are not specific to metabolic acidosis.
D. pH below 7.35 indicates acidosis. In metabolic acidosis, the primary defect is a decrease in blood pH due to an excess of acids or a loss of bases. The pH typically decreases below the normal range of 7.35-7.45 in metabolic acidosis.

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A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client who has a history of atherosclerosis and notes elevated cholesterol levels. Which of the following statements by the client indicates the nurse should plan follow-up teaching on a low-cholesterol diet?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse has been assigned to care for a client diagnosed with a small bowel obstruction. The client has a nasogastric tube attached to suction for 2 days. Which arterial blood gas result will the nurse expect to see for this client?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas (ABG) results of a client who the provider suspects has metabolic acidosis. Which of the following results should the nurse expect to see?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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