A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has somatic symptom disorder. Which of the following would be a likely comorbidity of somatic symptom disorder?
Schizophrenia
Major depressive disorder
Borderline personality disorder
Bipolar disorder
The Correct Answer is B
A. Schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thinking. While somatic symptom disorder (SSD) involves excessive focus on physical symptoms, it is not commonly linked to schizophrenia, which primarily affects perception and cognition.
B. Major depressive disorder. Depression is a common comorbidity of somatic symptom disorder. Clients with SSD often experience persistent sadness, hopelessness, and fatigue due to their distress over physical symptoms, which can contribute to or exacerbate depression.
C. Borderline personality disorder. While borderline personality disorder (BPD) is associated with emotional dysregulation and unstable relationships, it is not the most common comorbidity of SSD. BPD can co-occur with SSD, but depression and anxiety disorders are more frequently seen.
D. Bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder involves mood fluctuations between mania and depression, whereas SSD is primarily characterized by excessive health-related concerns. While both conditions can co-exist, depression is more commonly associated with SSD.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Hyperkalemia. Clients with anorexia nervosa typically experience hypokalemia rather than hyperkalemia due to severe malnutrition, vomiting, and excessive diuretic or laxative use. Potassium depletion can lead to life-threatening cardiac complications.
B. Hyperglycemia. Anorexia nervosa is associated with hypoglycemia due to prolonged fasting, malnutrition, and depleted glycogen stores. Clients often have low blood glucose levels rather than elevated ones.
C. Lanugo. The development of fine, downy body hair (lanugo) is a classic sign of anorexia nervosa. This occurs as the body adapts to extreme weight loss and malnutrition by trying to conserve heat due to the lack of body fat.
D. Swollen parotid glands. While swollen parotid glands are common in bulimia nervosa due to frequent vomiting, they are not a defining feature of anorexia nervosa unless the client engages in purging behaviors.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Valproate. Valproate is an anticonvulsant medication primarily used to treat seizures and bipolar disorder, and it is not indicated for the treatment of bulimia nervosa.
B. Olanzapine. Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic that may be used in certain eating disorders, but it is not the first-line treatment for bulimia nervosa. SSRIs, specifically fluoxetine, are more commonly prescribed for this condition.
C. Naltrexone. Naltrexone is an opioid antagonist used primarily for alcohol dependence and opioid use disorder. It is not indicated for the treatment of bulimia nervosa.
D. Fluoxetine. Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) that has been shown to be effective in reducing binge-eating and purging behaviors in individuals with bulimia nervosa. It is the medication the nurse should anticipate administering for this client.
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