A nurse is reviewing the medication record for a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following medications should the nurse identify as having the potential to cause nephrotoxicity?

Ondansetron

Diphenhydramine

Vancomycin

Omeprazole

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   Ondansetron is an antiemetic commonly used to prevent nausea and vomiting, and it is not typically associated with nephrotoxicity.
B.   Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine used for allergy symptoms and as a sleep aid. It is not known to cause nephrotoxicity.
C.   Vancomycin is an antibiotic that can cause nephrotoxicity, especially when administered in high doses or in individuals with impaired renal function. Monitoring renal function is crucial when using vancomycin.
D.   Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to reduce gastric acid secretion and treat conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and peptic ulcers. It is not associated with nephrotoxicity.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Insulin administration is not indicated for metabolic alkalosis.
B. Breathing into a paper bag is a treatment for respiratory alkalosis, not metabolic alkalosis.
C. Metabolic alkalosis can lead to cardiac dysrhythmias due to electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypokalemia. Continuous cardiac monitoring is essential to promptly identify and manage any dysrhythmias that may occur.
D. Administering sodium bicarbonate would exacerbate metabolic alkalosis and is not indicated.

A. "It is caused by the lack of production of insulin by the pancreas.." B. "It is caused by the overproduction of growth hormone by the pituitary gland." C. "It is caused by the overproduction of parathormone by the parathyroid gland." D. "It is caused by the lack of production of aldosterone by the adrenal gland."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. This statement describes the cause of diabetes mellitus, not Addison's disease.

B. This statement describes the cause of acromegaly, not Addison's disease.

C. This statement describes the cause of hyperparathyroidism, not Addison's disease.

D. This is the correct explanation of the cause of Addison's disease, which involves adrenal insufficiency.

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A nurse is reviewing the medication record for a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following medications should the nurse identify as having the potential to cause nephrotoxicity?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A staff nurse is teaching a client who has Addison's disease about the disease process. The client asks the nurse what causes Addison's disease. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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