A nurse is reviewing the plan of care for a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The client reports fatigue, joint tenderness, swelling, and difficulty urinating. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse anticipate? (Select all that apply)

Positive ANA titer

2+ urine protein

Increased hemoglobin

Increased serum T3 and T4

Elevated BUN

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,E

A.   A positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) titer is a common finding in SLE. This test is often used as a screening tool for autoimmune diseases, and most patients with SLE will have a positive ANA. Therefore, this finding is expected.
B.   The presence of protein in the urine (proteinuria) is indicative of kidney involvement, which can occur in SLE due to lupus nephritis. Given the client's difficulty urinating and other symptoms, this finding would be anticipated.
C.   This statement is unlikely to be correct. In SLE, anemia is common due to various factors, including chronic disease, bone marrow involvement, or hemolysis. Therefore, an increased hemoglobin level would not be expected in this scenario.
D.   This finding is not typically associated with SLE. SLE is primarily an autoimmune disease affecting the connective tissues, and thyroid function tests (like T3 and T4) would not show increased levels unless there is an underlying thyroid disorder. Therefore, this finding is not expected in SLE.
E.   An elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level may be anticipated, especially if there is kidney involvement due to lupus nephritis. Increased BUN can indicate impaired kidney function, which aligns with the client's symptoms of difficulty urinating.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","F"]

Explanation

A. While it's important for older adults to have regular blood tests to monitor their health, showing expected changes in white blood cell counts is not a specific risk factor for infections.
B. Skin tests for tuberculosis may be falsely negative in older adults due to a weakened immune response.
C. Older adults should stay up-to-date on their vaccinations, including influenza, pneumococcal, and shingles vaccinations, to help protect themselves against these infections.
D. Older adults are at increased risk for respiratory tract infections, such as pneumonia, and genitourinary infections, such as urinary tract infections.
E. Booster vaccinations are essential for older adults to maintain protection against diseases such as influenza, tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis.
F. Older adults may not develop a fever in response to a severe infection. This can make it difficult to recognize the presence of an infection.

A. Use paper tape on fragile skin B. Provide mouthwash with alcohol for oral care C. Avoid aspirin D. Provide a soft bristle toothbrush or oral sponge E. Teach to use an electric shaver instead of a razor

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Paper tape is gentler on fragile skin compared to standard adhesive tape. It reduces the risk of skin tears and bleeding, making it a safer option for patients with thrombocytopenia.
B. This option is not advisable. Mouthwash containing alcohol can irritate and dry out the mucous membranes in the mouth, potentially leading to ulcers or bleeding. Instead, an alcohol-free mouthwash should be used for oral care.
C. Aspirin is an antiplatelet agent that can increase the risk of bleeding. Patients on bleeding precautions should avoid aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to minimize the risk of excessive bleeding.
D. A soft-bristle toothbrush or oral sponge is recommended for oral care to minimize trauma to the gums and mucous membranes. This helps reduce the risk of bleeding in patients with low platelet counts.
E. Using an electric shaver is safer than a traditional razor, as it reduces the risk of cuts and nicks that can lead to bleeding. This precaution is particularly important for patients with thrombocytopenia.

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A nurse is reviewing the plan of care for a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The client reports fatigue, joint tenderness, swelling, and difficulty urinating. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse anticipate? (Select all that apply)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","F"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

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