A nurse is teaching a child and their family about insulin therapy.
What should the nurse emphasize regarding insulin types used in the management of diabetes in children?
"Children with diabetes should never use insulin pumps.”..
"Insulin therapy is not a significant part of diabetes management in children.”..
"There are different types of insulin, including rapid-acting and long-acting.”..
"Children with diabetes only need short-acting insulin.”..
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
"Children with diabetes should never use insulin pumps.”.
This statement is not accurate.
Insulin pumps can be a valuable tool in the management of diabetes in children.
Insulin pumps provide continuous subcutaneous insulin delivery, offering a more flexible and precise way to administer insulin.
They can be particularly beneficial for children who require multiple daily injections or have difficulty with insulin injections.
Choice B rationale:
"Insulin therapy is not a significant part of diabetes management in children.”.
Insulin therapy is a significant and often essential part of diabetes management in children, especially for those with type 1 diabetes.
Children with type 1 diabetes do not produce insulin and require lifelong insulin therapy to survive.
It plays a crucial role in maintaining glycemic control and preventing complications.
Choice C rationale:
"There are different types of insulin, including rapid-acting and long-acting.”.
This statement is accurate.
Children with diabetes may require different types of insulin to manage their blood sugar effectively.
Rapid-acting insulin is used to cover meals and correct high blood sugar levels, while long-acting insulin provides basal insulin to keep blood sugar stable between meals and overnight.
Understanding the different types of insulin and their respective roles is essential for proper diabetes management.
Choice D rationale:
"Children with diabetes only need short-acting insulin.”.
This statement is not accurate.
While short-acting insulin (rapid-acting) is necessary for mealtime coverage, it is not the only type of insulin children may need.
Long-acting insulin is crucial for providing a basal level of insulin throughout the day and night.
Children with diabetes often require both short-acting and long-acting insulin to achieve optimal glycemic control.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
This statement accurately describes the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus in children.
Insufficient insulin results in elevated blood glucose levels, leading to the characteristic symptoms of diabetes.
In type 1 diabetes, there is a lack of insulin due to the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells by the immune system.
Choice B rationale:
This statement incorrectly suggests that there is a combination of insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion in type 1 diabetes.
In reality, type 1 diabetes is characterized by a lack of insulin production due to the destruction of beta cells by the immune system.
Choice C rationale:
This statement inaccurately states that in type 2 diabetes, the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.
This description is more aligned with type 1 diabetes, not type 2 diabetes.
Choice D rationale:
This statement falsely claims that certain viral infections and dietary factors are the sole causes of diabetes in children.
While these factors can contribute to the development of diabetes, they are not the sole causes, and this oversimplification doesn't accurately represent the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus in children.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Potassium replacement is done to prevent hypokalemia, which is common in DKA.
Choice A rationale:
Potassium replacement is indeed necessary in DKA treatment.
This choice is incorrect because DKA often leads to hypokalemia (low potassium levels).
Potassium is an essential electrolyte for various bodily functions, including proper heart function, and low levels can be life-threatening.
Therefore, potassium replacement is a vital part of DKA treatment.
Choice B rationale:
The primary reason for potassium replacement in DKA is to prevent hypokalemia.
As mentioned earlier, DKA leads to excessive urination, which results in the loss of potassium and other electrolytes.
Hypokalemia can lead to cardiac arrhythmias and muscle weakness.
Therefore, replenishing potassium is crucial to maintaining normal physiological functions.
Choice C rationale:
Potassium replacement is not done to treat hyperkalemia in DKA.
DKA typically leads to hypokalemia, not hyperkalemia.
Hyperkalemia, or high potassium levels, is a less common complication in DKA.
Treating hyperkalemia may involve different interventions, but it is not the primary reason for potassium replacement in DKA.
Choice D rationale:
Potassium replacement is not done solely based on the client's request.
It is a medical decision made by healthcare providers based on clinical assessment and laboratory values.
Ignoring potassium replacement in DKA could lead to severe complications, so it is not a matter of personal preference.
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