A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for disulfiram. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
"Do not drink alcohol while taking this medication."
"Do not crush this medication before swallowing."
"Avoid grapefruit juice while taking this medication."
"Take this medication with food."
The Correct Answer is A
A. "Do not drink alcohol while taking this medication": Disulfiram is a medication used to deter alcohol consumption by producing unpleasant effects, such as nausea, vomiting, and flushing, if alcohol is consumed. Therefore, it is crucial for the client to abstain from alcohol while taking disulfiram to avoid these adverse reactions.
B. "Do not crush this medication before swallowing": While it is generally important not to alter the formulation of medications unless instructed by a healthcare provider or indicated in the medication's instructions, crushing disulfiram is not typically a concern. However, the primary focus of disulfiram therapy is the avoidance of alcohol, rather than specific administration instructions.
C. "Avoid grapefruit juice while taking this medication": Grapefruit juice is known to interact with certain medications by inhibiting cytochrome P450 enzymes in the liver, affecting drug metabolism. However, there is no significant interaction between disulfiram and grapefruit juice. Therefore, this information is not relevant to disulfiram therapy.
D. "Take this medication with food": Disulfiram is typically taken on an empty stomach, as food can interfere with its absorption. Therefore, advising the client to take disulfiram with food is not accurate and may compromise its effectiveness. The primary concern with disulfiram therapy is adherence to abstinence from alcohol.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["0.25"]
Explanation
To calculate the volume of haloperidol solution needed, we can use the formula:
Volume(mL)=Dose(mg)/Concentration(mg/mL)
Given: Dose of haloperidol = 5 mg
Concentration of haloperidol solution = 20 mg/mL
Substituting the given values into the formula:
Volume(mL)=5 mg/20 mg/mL
Volume(mL)=5/20
Volume(mL)=0.25 mL
Rounded to the nearest hundredth, the nurse should administer 0.25 mL of haloperidol solution.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Dilute the medication with sterile water before injecting: Phenytoin should not be diluted before administration because it may cause precipitation or crystallization of the drug, leading to potential adverse effects such as tissue irritation or embolism.
B. Administer the medication over 1 min: Phenytoin should be administered slowly over 1 to 2 minutes to reduce the risk of adverse effects such as hypotension or cardiac arrhythmias. Rapid infusion can lead to cardiovascular collapse.
C. Slow the injection if the medication crystallizes: If the medication crystallizes, the nurse should stop the injection immediately and flush the IV line with normal saline. However, preventing crystallization by administering the medication slowly over the recommended time is preferable.
D. Follow the IV injection with sterile water: Following the IV injection with sterile water is not a standard practice for administering phenytoin. Instead, the nurse should follow institutional guidelines for flushing the IV line after medication administration, typically with normal saline.
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