A nurse is teaching a client who has heart failure about self-management techniques. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I will take ibuprofen for mild pain."

"I will weigh myself every other day."

"I will keep an exercise diary."

"I will expect swelling in my feet and ankles."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. "I will take ibuprofen for mild pain": NSAIDs like ibuprofen can lead to sodium and fluid retention, which can exacerbate heart failure by increasing preload and worsening edema. They can also reduce the effectiveness of diuretics and ACE inhibitors, both of which are commonly used in heart failure management. Acetaminophen is generally preferred for pain relief as it does not contribute to fluid retention.

B. "I will weigh myself every other day": Daily weight monitoring is essential for detecting fluid retention early, as a sudden increase of 2–3 pounds in 24 hours or 5 pounds in a week can indicate worsening heart failure. Weighing every other day may delay the recognition of fluid overload, increasing the risk of complications such as pulmonary congestion and hospitalization.

C. "I will keep an exercise diary": Regularly tracking physical activity helps assess functional status and detect any decline in exercise tolerance, which could indicate worsening heart failure. An exercise diary allows the healthcare team to adjust activity levels appropriately, ensuring that the client remains active without overexertion. This approach also promotes adherence to a safe and structured exercise regimen, improving overall cardiovascular health.

D. "I will expect swelling in my feet and ankles": While mild peripheral edema can occur, it should never be considered normal in heart failure management. Swelling in the lower extremities suggests worsening fluid retention and should be promptly reported to the healthcare provider. Early intervention, such as medication adjustments or dietary modifications, can help prevent further decompensation and reduce the risk of hospitalization.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "I have trouble urinating if I eat acidic foods.": Difficulty urinating after consuming acidic foods is not associated with latex allergy. This symptom may be related to bladder irritation or interstitial cystitis rather than an immune response to latex-related proteins.

B. "I often have diarrhea after eating scrambled eggs.": Diarrhea after consuming eggs suggests a food intolerance or an allergy to egg proteins. However, egg allergy is not linked to an increased risk of latex allergy.

C. "I sometimes start to wheeze when I eat peanuts.": Wheezing after peanut consumption suggests a peanut allergy, which is not directly associated with latex allergy. However, individuals with multiple allergies may be at higher risk for allergic reactions in general.

D. "I break out in a rash when I eat strawberries.": A history of allergic reactions to strawberries suggests a possible latex-fruit syndrome. Certain fruits, such as strawberries, bananas, avocados, and kiwis, contain proteins similar to those found in latex, increasing the risk of latex hypersensitivity.

A. Provide a diet of fresh fruits and vegetables for the client. B. Apply new gloves when alternating between wound care sites. C. Clean the equipment in the client's room once per week. D. Limit visitation time for the client's children to 40 min per day.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Provide a diet of fresh fruits and vegetables for the client: While a high-protein, high-calorie diet is essential for wound healing in burn patients, fresh fruits and vegetables may not be appropriate if the client is immunocompromised due to the risk of bacterial contamination. Cooked or peeled produce is often recommended.

B. Apply new gloves when alternating between wound care sites: Burn wounds are highly susceptible to infection. Changing gloves between different wound sites prevents cross-contamination and reduces the risk of spreading bacteria, which is critical in preventing wound infections and sepsis.

C. Clean the equipment in the client's room once per week: Equipment in a burn unit should be cleaned and disinfected daily to minimize the risk of infection. Weekly cleaning is insufficient for infection control in an immunocompromised client.

D. Limit visitation time for the client's children to 40 min per day: While infection control is a priority, limiting visitation is not typically necessary unless the visitors are ill. Emotional support from family can aid in psychological recovery, and proper infection control measures can be implemented without strict visitation limits.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has heart failure about self-management techniques. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

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