A nurse is teaching a client who has osteoporosis about ways to reduce stress on the skeletal system. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Begin a weight-bearing exercise program.
Avoid practicing yoga.
Continue jogging 1 to 2 miles per day.
Walk at least 60 min every day.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Begin a weight-bearing exercise program: Activities like walking, dancing, and resistance training help maintain bone density by stimulating osteoblast activity. Regular weight-bearing exercise strengthens bones and reduces the risk of fractures.
B. Avoid practicing yoga: Yoga can actually be beneficial for individuals with osteoporosis by improving balance, flexibility, and posture. However, certain high-impact or extreme bending poses should be avoided.
C. Continue jogging 1 to 2 miles per day: High-impact activities such as jogging can increase the risk of fractures in individuals with osteoporosis. Lower-impact exercises like walking or strength training are safer alternatives.
D. Walk at least 60 min every day: While walking is a good low-impact exercise, excessive walking without resistance or strength training may not provide sufficient bone-strengthening benefits. A structured weight-bearing exercise program is more effective.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Increase in urinary output: Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that promotes diuresis to reduce intracranial pressure (ICP). Increased urinary output is an expected effect and indicates the medication is working as intended.
B. Crackles on auscultation: Mannitol can lead to fluid overload, especially in clients with compromised renal or cardiac function. Crackles in the lungs suggest pulmonary edema, a serious adverse effect that should be reported immediately to prevent respiratory distress.
C. Intracranial pressure reading of 12 mm Hg: Normal ICP ranges from 5 to 15 mm Hg. A reading of 12 mm Hg is within the expected range and does not indicate an adverse effect of mannitol.
D. Glasgow coma scale rating of 15: A score of 15 indicates full consciousness and normal neurological function. This finding does not suggest an adverse reaction to mannitol.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Palpate the dorsalis pedis pulse: Assessing distal pulses ensures adequate circulation to the affected extremity. Impaired blood flow can indicate compartment syndrome or vascular compromise, which are serious complications following fracture stabilization. The nurse should also monitor capillary refill, skin temperature, and sensation.
B. Maintain the affected extremity in a dependent position: Keeping the extremity in a dependent position can increase swelling and venous congestion, leading to complications such as compartment syndrome. Elevation is recommended to minimize edema and promote venous return.
C. Wrap sterile gauze on the sharp point of the pins: The pin sites should be left uncovered to allow for proper monitoring of signs of infection or loosening. Instead, pin site care should be performed per facility protocol to reduce infection risk.
D. Adjust the clamps on the fixator frame: Adjusting the external fixator clamps is outside the nurse's scope of practice. Any modifications to the device should be performed by the orthopedic provider to prevent improper alignment and complications.
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