A nurse is teaching a client who is at 15 weeks of gestation and is to undergo an amniocentesis. The nurse should explain that the purpose of this test is to identify which of the following conditions? (Select all that apply.)

Explanation:

A. "In most cases it only lasts until the 12th week, but it will continue if you have poor bladder tone."

This response is accurate and informative. It explains that urinary frequency is a common symptom during early pregnancy due to hormonal changes and pressure on the bladder. It also provides a general timeline by stating that, in most cases, urinary frequency improves by the 12th week as the uterus rises out of the pelvis. Additionally, it mentions that poor bladder tone can contribute to ongoing urinary frequency, acknowledging individual differences.

B. "It occurs during the first trimester and near the end of the pregnancy."

This response is not accurate. While urinary frequency is common during the first trimester due to hormonal changes and pressure on the bladder, it typically improves rather than occurring again near the end of pregnancy. Mentioning both the first trimester and near the end of pregnancy could be confusing and misleading for the client.

C. "There is no way to predict how long it will last in each individual client."

While there can be individual variations in how long urinary frequency lasts during pregnancy, there are general trends and common timelines for this symptom. This response may be seen as somewhat dismissive or uninformative since it does not provide any guidance or context for the client's question.

D. "It's a minor inconvenience, which you should ignore."

This response is not appropriate as it dismisses the client's concerns about urinary frequency. While urinary frequency is a common symptom during pregnancy, it can still be uncomfortable for some individuals, and healthcare providers should acknowledge and address their concerns rather than suggesting they ignore them.

Explanation:

A. Prepare the abdominal and perineal areas: While preparing the abdominal and perineal areas may be necessary for potential interventions, such as a cesarean section or vaginal examination, it is not the priority at this moment.

B. Witness the signature for informed consent for surgery: Obtaining informed consent for surgery is important, especially if surgical intervention is anticipated. However, the priority in this case is to stabilize the client's condition and address the potential causes of painless, bright red vaginal bleeding.

C. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter: Inserting an indwelling urinary catheter may be beneficial for monitoring urinary output and assessing fluid status. However, it is not the immediate priority compared to addressing the client's vital signs and managing potential causes of bleeding.

D. Initiate IV access: This is the correct answer. Given the client's large amount of painless, bright red vaginal bleeding, the priority is to establish IV access to administer fluids and possibly blood products if there is evidence of hypovolemia or hemorrhage. IV access will also allow for the administration of medications or other interventions as needed.