A nurse is teaching a client with a new diagnosis of asthma. Which of the following medications should the nurse instruct the client to use when experiencing an acute asthma attack?

Ipratropium bromide

Albuterol

Salmeterol

Budesonide

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) Ipratropium bromide: While ipratropium is used to manage bronchospasm, it is typically not the first choice for acute asthma attacks. It has a slower onset of action compared to short-acting beta-agonists like albuterol and is generally used as an adjunct therapy rather than for immediate relief.

B) Albuterol: This medication is a short-acting beta-agonist that provides rapid relief of bronchospasm during an acute asthma attack. It works by relaxing the muscles in the airways, making it the preferred first-line treatment for quick relief in asthma exacerbations.

C) Salmeterol: This medication is a long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) used for long-term control of asthma symptoms, not for immediate relief. It has a delayed onset of action and should not be used as a rescue medication during an acute attack, as it may take longer to provide effects.

D) Budesonide: This is an inhaled corticosteroid that helps in controlling chronic inflammation associated with asthma. While important for long-term management, it is not effective for the rapid relief of acute symptoms and should not be used during an asthma attack.

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Correct Answer is ["6.8"]

Explanation

To determine the correct dosage, let’s follow these steps:

Convert the child’s weight from pounds to kilograms:

1 pound = 0.453592 kilograms

80 pounds × 0.453592 = 36.3 kilograms

Calculate the total dose in milligrams (mg):

1.5 mg/kg × 36.3 kg = 54.45 mg

Determine the volume in milliliters (mL) to administer:

Available concentration: 40 mg/5 mL

Using the formula: (Desired dose / Available dose) × Volume

(54.45 mg / 40 mg) × 5 mL = 6.8 mL

A. Beta-Blockers B. Anticholinergics C. Antihistamines D. Glucocorticoids

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Beta-Blockers: The use of beta-blockers is a direct contraindication to albuterol administration. Albuterol is a beta-agonist that works by stimulating beta-2 adrenergic receptors to cause bronchodilation. Beta-blockers can antagonize this effect, potentially leading to increased bronchospasm and worsening asthma symptoms. Therefore, if a client is on beta-blockers, caution must be exercised when administering albuterol.

B) Anticholinergics: Anticholinergics, such as ipratropium, are often used in conjunction with beta-agonists like albuterol to provide synergistic effects in managing asthma. There are no direct contraindications between anticholinergics and albuterol, and they can be used together safely to improve bronchial dilation and mucus clearance.

C) Antihistamines: Antihistamines are not contraindicated with albuterol. While they may be used for managing allergic reactions and symptoms, they do not interfere with the action of beta-agonists. Therefore, a client taking antihistamines can still safely receive albuterol for acute asthma attacks.

D) Glucocorticoids: Glucocorticoids, such as prednisone, are often used in asthma management for their anti-inflammatory properties. They are not contraindicated with albuterol; in fact, they are commonly used together in asthma treatment plans. Glucocorticoids help to reduce airway inflammation, while albuterol provides quick relief from bronchospasm.

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A nurse is teaching a client with a new diagnosis of asthma. Which of the following medications should the nurse instruct the client to use when experiencing an acute asthma attack?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

pediatric client. The child weighs 80 pounds. Available is promethazine 40mg/5ml. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round to the nearest tenth. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Correct Answer is ["6.8"]

Explanation

The nurse is preparing to administer albuterol to a client experiencing an acute asthma attack. Which medication on the client's medical record is a direct contraindication to albuterol administration?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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