A nurse is teaching a patient about coronary artery disease (CAD). Which of the following statements made by the patient demonstrates understanding of the disease?

I understand that CAD is caused by the build up of fat deposits in my arteries

Only people with a family history of heart disease are at risk for CAD.

CAD can be completely cured with a healthy diet and exercise.

I should avoid all physical activity to prevent worsening my CAD.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. "I understand that CAD is caused by the buildup of fat deposits in my arteries." CAD is caused by the accumulation of plaque (cholesterol, fats, and other substances) within the coronary arteries, which restricts blood flow to the heart muscle.

B. "Only people with a family history of heart disease are at risk for CAD." Although a family history can increase risk, many other factors, like high blood pressure, smoking, high cholesterol, and lifestyle, contribute to CAD risk.

C. "CAD can be completely cured with a healthy diet and exercise." While lifestyle changes can significantly reduce the progression of CAD and improve symptoms, they do not cure the disease.

D. "I should avoid all physical activity to prevent worsening my CAD." Physical activity, when performed safely and under medical guidance, is beneficial for CAD management and can help improve cardiovascular health.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Loss of pain, temperature, and light touch sensation on the same side as the injury. In Brown-Sequard syndrome, pain, temperature, and light touch are typically lost on the opposite (contralateral) side of the injury.

B. Loss of motor function and deep pressure sensation on the opposite side of the injury. Motor function and deep pressure sensation loss occur on the same side (ipsilateral) as the injury.

C. Loss of motor function and position sense on the same side as the injury. Brown-Sequard syndrome is a spinal cord hemisection injury leading to loss of motor function and proprioception on the same side as the injury.

D. Loss of motor function with preserved pain and temperature sensation in the lower extremities. Pain and temperature sensations are lost on the opposite side of the injury in Brown-Sequard syndrome, not preserved.

A. Drink plenty of fluids to stay well hydrated. B. Limit your intake of fruits and vegetables to avoid complications. C. You can stop your prescribed antibiotics once you feel better. D. Take your pain medications only when you have severe pain.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Drink plenty of fluids to stay well hydrated. Hydration is crucial for clients with sickle cell disease as it helps prevent blood thickening and reduces the risk of sickling crises.

B. Limit your intake of fruits and vegetables to avoid complications. Fruits and vegetables are essential for balanced nutrition and are not contraindicated in sickle cell disease. Limiting them is unnecessary and could lead to nutritional deficiencies.

C. You can stop your prescribed antibiotics once you feel better. Antibiotics should always be completed as prescribed to fully treat any infection and prevent resistance, especially in individuals with weakened immune responses.

D. Take your pain medications only when you have severe pain. Clients with sickle cell disease should take pain medications as needed, even for mild pain, to prevent escalation of pain and a sickle cell crisis.

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A nurse is teaching a patient about coronary artery disease (CAD). Which of the following statements made by the patient demonstrates understanding of the disease?

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