A nurse is teaching a patient about the importance of balancing proteins, carbohydrates, and fats in the diet.
The nurse identifies that the teaching about carbohydrates is understood when the patient states that carbohydrates are known for providing which of the following?

Energy.

Electrolytes.

Minerals.

Vitamins.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

Carbohydrates are the body's primary source of energy. They are broken down into glucose, which cells use for fuel to perform various functions, including muscle contraction, nerve impulse transmission, and maintaining body temperature.

Choice B rationale

Electrolytes, such as sodium, potassium, and chloride, are minerals that carry an electrical charge and are crucial for fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle contraction. While some foods containing carbohydrates may also contain electrolytes, providing energy is not their primary function. Normal ranges for serum sodium are 135-145 mEq/L, potassium is 3.5-5.0 mEq/L, and chloride is 95-105 mEq/L.

Choice C rationale

Minerals are inorganic substances that the body needs for various functions, including building strong bones, transmitting nerve impulses, and maintaining fluid balance. Examples include calcium, iron, and zinc. While essential, they are not primarily known for providing direct energy. Normal ranges for serum calcium are 8.5-10.5 mg/dL, iron varies by gender (males: 65-175 mcg/dL, females: 50-170 mcg/dL), and zinc is 70-120 mcg/dL.

Choice D rationale

Vitamins are organic compounds that the body needs in small amounts for various metabolic processes. They do not directly provide energy but help the body utilize energy from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Examples include vitamin C, vitamin D, and B vitamins. Normal ranges vary widely depending on the specific vitamin.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

While it is important to inform the physician about the delay in the TPN solution, the immediate priority is to maintain the patency of the central venous catheter and prevent hypoglycemia. Calling the MD should occur after taking steps to address the immediate risk.

Choice B rationale

Giving the patient a high-protein snack will not address the immediate issue of the TPN running out and the risk of hypoglycemia associated with the abrupt cessation of a high-glucose solution. TPN provides a significant amount of glucose, and suddenly stopping it can lead to a drop in blood sugar.

Choice C rationale

Hanging a bag of 10% dextrose solution (D10W) is the most appropriate immediate action. This will provide a continuous source of glucose to prevent hypoglycemia while waiting for the new TPN bag from the pharmacy. D10W is often used as a bridge solution in this situation. Normal blood glucose levels are typically 70-110 mg/dL.

Choice D rationale

Flushing the line and waiting for the pharmacy to supply the next bag without infusing any solution puts the patient at significant risk for hypoglycemia and can also lead to catheter occlusion. Maintaining a continuous infusion, even of D10W, is crucial. .

A. The best time to perform BSE is in the middle of the menstrual cycle. B. If she suspects she is pregnant, then the woman should not perform a BSE until after her baby is born. C. A woman should perform BSEs bimonthly unless she has fibrocystic breast tissue. D. The best time to perform a BSE is 4-7 days after the first day of the menstrual period.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

The middle of the menstrual cycle is when hormonal fluctuations are highest, which can cause breast tenderness and lumpiness, potentially making it more difficult to distinguish normal breast tissue from abnormalities during a BSE.

Choice B rationale

Pregnancy causes significant hormonal changes that lead to breast enlargement and increased nodularity, making BSE more challenging and potentially causing unnecessary anxiety. However, it is still important for pregnant women to be aware of their breasts and report any unusual changes to their healthcare provider.

Choice C rationale

BSE should be performed monthly, not bimonthly, to ensure regular self-examination. While women with fibrocystic breast tissue may have more lumps and bumps, regular monthly BSE is still important for them to become familiar with their normal breast tissue and identify any new or changing lumps.

Choice D rationale

The optimal time to perform a BSE is 4-7 days after the start of the menstrual period. At this point in the cycle, hormone levels are typically at their lowest, and the breasts are less likely to be swollen or tender, making it easier to detect any abnormalities. .

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A nurse is teaching a patient about the importance of balancing proteins, carbohydrates, and fats in the diet.The nurse identifies that the teaching about carbohydrates is understood when the patient states that carbohydrates are known for providing which of the following?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). The nurse enters the room and discovers that the container only has 15 minutes of solution left.She calls the pharmacy and is told that the next bag will not be available for another hour.What must the nurse do next?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is conducting a class on BSE.Which statement indicates the proper BSE technique?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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A nurse is teaching a patient about the importance of balancing proteins, carbohydrates, and fats in the diet.
The nurse identifies that the teaching about carbohydrates is understood when the patient states that carbohydrates are known for providing which of the following?