A 65-year-old patient remarks that she just can't believe that her breasts "sag so much.”. She states it must be from a lack of exercise.
What explanation would the nurse offer her?
After menopause, the glandular and fat tissue atrophies, causing breast size and elasticity to diminish, resulting in breasts that sag.
After menopause, a diet that is high in protein will help maintain muscle mass, which keeps the breasts from sagging.
After menopause, sagging is usually due to decreased muscle mass within the breast.
After menopause, only women with large breasts experience sagging.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
After menopause, the ovaries significantly reduce estrogen and progesterone production. These hormones play a crucial role in maintaining the size and elasticity of breast tissue, including the glandular and fat components. With decreased hormonal support, these tissues atrophy, leading to a reduction in breast volume and a loss of skin elasticity, consequently causing the breasts to sag.
Choice B rationale
While adequate protein intake is essential for overall muscle health, including the pectoral muscles that lie beneath the breasts, it does not directly prevent the atrophy of glandular and fat tissue within the breasts that occurs due to hormonal changes after menopause. Therefore, a high-protein diet alone will not counteract breast sagging caused by these physiological changes.
Choice C rationale
The breasts themselves do not contain significant amounts of muscle tissue. The support for the breasts comes primarily from Cooper's ligaments, which are connective tissues, and the skin's elasticity. Sagging is mainly attributed to the weakening of these supportive structures and the atrophy of glandular and fat tissue after menopause, not a decrease in muscle mass within the breast.
Choice D rationale
Breast sagging after menopause is a common physiological change experienced by many women, regardless of their breast size. While larger breasts may appear to sag more noticeably due to their weight, the underlying cause is hormonal changes affecting tissue elasticity and volume, which occurs in women with all breast sizes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Stating that the patient drank most liquids without difficulty is a general observation but lacks specific details about the quantity consumed and the type of diet. It provides limited nutritional information.
Choice B rationale
Saying the patient ate all her lunch is brief but doesn't specify the type or amount of food consumed. "Lunch" can vary greatly in nutritional content, making this documentation less informative.
Choice C rationale
This documentation provides specific details about the patient's intake, including the percentage of the heart-healthy diet consumed (50%), indicating the amount of solid food, and the exact volume of liquids ingested (360 mL). It also notes the absence of difficulty, offering a more comprehensive nutritional picture.
Choice D rationale
Documenting assistance with feeding a liquid diet and frequent choking is important for safety but doesn't quantify the amount of liquid consumed or the patient's overall nutritional intake from the meal.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Nutrisystems is a commercial weight loss program that provides pre-packaged meals. While it may be effective for some, it is not directly sponsored by the USDA and might not align with the specific dietary recommendations promoted by the government for overall health.
Choice B rationale
MyPlate is a nutritional guide developed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). It is designed to help Americans make healthier food choices by illustrating the five food groups and providing recommendations on portion sizes and a balanced diet. This is a direct resource sponsored by the USDA.
Choice C rationale
Weight Watchers (now WW) is a commercial weight loss program that utilizes a points system to guide food choices and encourages group support. While it can be a helpful resource for weight management, it is not a USDA-sponsored program.
Choice D rationale
eDiets.com is a commercial website that offers various diet plans, recipes, and fitness advice. While it may provide useful information for some individuals, it is not a resource directly sponsored or developed by the USDA.
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