A nurse is teaching about nutrition to a client who has a new diagnosis of chronic kidney disease. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching?
Limit calcium intake.
Limit protein intake.
Increase phosphorus intake.
Increase potassium intake.
The Correct Answer is B
Limiting protein intake is an important dietary modification for clients with chronic kidney disease. High protein intake can increase the workload on the kidneys and lead to further decline in kidney function. Restricting protein intake helps reduce the accumulation of waste products in the blood, such as urea and creatinine, which are normally eliminated by the kidneys. The specific amount of protein restriction will depend on the stage of CKD and the client's individual needs. It is important for the client to work with a registered dietitian who specializes in kidney disease to determine the appropriate protein intake.
Limit calcium intake: Calcium intake does not need to be limited unless there are specific complications related to calcium metabolism, such as hypercalcemia or certain types of kidney stones. Calcium is important for bone health, and adequate intake should be maintained unless otherwise directed by the healthcare provider.
Increase potassium intake: In most cases of chronic kidney disease, potassium intake needs to be limited. Damaged kidneys may have difficulty regulating potassium levels, and high levels of potassium in the blood can be dangerous. The client should be instructed to limit potassium intake and avoid high-potassium foods, such as bananas, oranges, tomatoes, and potatoes, unless specifically advised otherwise by their healthcare provider.
Increase phosphorus intake: Phosphorus intake needs to be restricted in chronic kidney disease, especially in later stages. Elevated levels of phosphorus in the blood can lead to bone and cardiovascular complications. The client should be educated on foods that are high in phosphorus, such as dairy products, nuts, and cola drinks, and instructed to limit their intake
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Wipe dentures before storing them in a dry container at night: This is a correct instruction. Before storing dentures overnight, it is important to remove debris and rinse them with water. Wiping the dentures helps to remove any remaining residue or particles and keeps them relatively clean until the next use. Storing dentures in a dry container helps prevent the growth of microorganisms and maintains the shape of the dentures.
Wrap gloved fingers with gauze to remove dentures: This is not the recommended technique for removing dentures. Instead, it is recommended to use a denture brush or a soft-bristled toothbrush with a non-abrasive denture cleaner or mild soap to clean the dentures. The use of gauze may not provide adequate cleaning and may cause damage to the denture surface.
Use a washcloth to clean the denture surfaces: A washcloth is not the ideal tool for cleaning dentures. Instead, a denture brush or a soft-bristled toothbrush should be used. These tools are specifically designed to clean denture surfaces effectively without causing damage.
Floss dentures as part of daily cleaning: Flossing is not necessary for denture cleaning since dentures do not have natural teeth or spaces between them. However, it is important to clean all surfaces of the dentures using a denture brush or a soft-bristled toothbrush to remove plaque, debris, and stains.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Prealbumin (also known as transthyretin): Prealbumin is a protein synthesized in the liver and has a shorter half-life compared to albumin. It is considered a more sensitive marker for
short-term nutritional changes and can reflect the effectiveness of TPN within a few days.
Prealbumin levels can indicate the response to nutritional interventions and provide a more immediate assessment of nutritional adequacy.
Hemoglobin: Hemoglobin is a measure of the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells and is typically used to assess anemia. While hemoglobin can be affected by nutritional status, it is not a specific marker for the short-term effectiveness of TPN.
Total albumin: Total albumin is a measure of protein status and can be affected by various factors, including inflammation and liver disease. However, it has a longer half-life and slower response to nutritional changes, so it may not be the best indicator for short-term effectiveness.
Transferrin: Transferrin is a protein involved in iron transport and can be used as an indicator of iron status. However, it may not reflect short-term changes in nutritional status and is not specific to TPN effectiveness.
Monitoring prealbumin levels can help determine the short-term effectiveness of TPN and guide adjustments to the nutritional plan.
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