A nurse in the emergency department is assessing a young adult client who was administered a hypotonic IV fluid bolus for rehydration after collapsing at an athletic event. Which of the following findings indicates the client is experiencing water intoxication?

Weak pulses

Hypernatremia

Muscle weakness

Exaggerated reflexes

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Muscle weakness is a finding that indicates the client is experiencing water intoxication. Muscle weakness is a symptom of water intoxication because the excessive intake of water dilutes the sodium levels in the blood, causing hyponatremia. Sodium is an electrolyte that helps maintain the balance of fluids in and around cells and also regulates muscle contraction. When sodium levels are too low, the cells swell and the muscles lose their ability to function properly.

Weak pulses are not a specific finding for water intoxication, as they can be caused by other factors such as decreased blood volume or inadequate cardiac output.

Hypernatremia is the opposite of hyponatremia, meaning high sodium levels in the blood. This can occur due to dehydration, excessive salt intake, or certain medical conditions, but not water intoxication.

Exaggerated reflexes are not typically associated with water intoxication. They may be seen in conditions such as hyperreflexia or certain neurological disorders.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Avocado is a healthy source of unsaturated fats, which are beneficial for cardiovascular health. Choosing an avocado dip instead of salsa, which is typically low in fat, aligns with the goal of reducing saturated fat intake.

The other statements are incorrect:

Eating the skin on poultry, even if it is broiled, is not recommended for a low-saturated fat diet. Poultry skin contains significant amounts of saturated fat, so it is advisable to remove the skin before consumption to reduce saturated fat intake.

Including 7 ounces of fish in the diet weekly is not specific to a low-saturated fat diet. While fish is a healthy protein source, the recommendation to consume 7 ounces of fish per week is related to the intake of omega-3 fatty acids, which have cardiovascular benefits. However, the specific type of fish and preparation methods should be considered to ensure a low-saturated fat content.

Using margarine on waffles is not advisable for a low-saturated fat diet. Most margarines contain trans fats or hydrogenated oils, which are unhealthy and contribute to an increase in saturated fat intake. It is better to choose healthier alternatives such as spreads made from nuts, seeds, or avocado, or to use a small amount of healthier oils like olive oil or canola oil.

A. Canola oil B. Palm oil C. Peanut oil D. Stick margarine

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Canola oil: Canola oil is a healthier option when it comes to cooking oils. It is low in saturated fat and high in monounsaturated fat, which is beneficial for heart health. Monounsaturated fats can help lower LDL (bad) cholesterol levels when used in place of saturated fats. Canola oil is a versatile oil that can be used for various cooking methods, including sautéing, baking, and grilling.

Palm oil: Palm oil is high in saturated fat and should be limited or avoided when trying to decrease saturated fats in the diet. High intake of saturated fats can raise LDL cholesterol levels and increase the risk of heart disease.

Peanut oil: Peanut oil is another good option for cooking. It is low in saturated fat and contains a good amount of monounsaturated fat. Using peanut oil in moderation can be a healthier choice compared to oils high in saturated fat.

Stick margarine: Stick margarine is not recommended when trying to decrease saturated fats in the diet. Most stick margarines are high in trans fats, which are even more detrimental to heart health than saturated fats. Trans fats can increase LDL cholesterol levels and decrease HDL (good) cholesterol levels, thereby increasing the risk of heart disease.

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A nurse in the emergency department is assessing a young adult client who was administered a hypotonic IV fluid bolus for rehydration after collapsing at an athletic event. Which of the following findings indicates the client is experiencing water intoxication?

Nursing Test Bank

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