A nurse is teaching clients on the need for calcium intake to prevent bone loss. What level of prevention does this represent?
Primary prevention
Secondary prevention
Tertiary prevention
Residual prevention
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Teaching calcium intake to prevent bone loss is primary prevention, aimed at reducing disease risk before it occurs. Calcium strengthens bone density, reducing osteoporosis risk by supporting osteoblast activity and mineralization. This proactive measure prevents bone loss in healthy individuals, addressing the physiological need for calcium to maintain skeletal integrity before pathology develops.
Choice B reason: Secondary prevention involves early detection of disease, like screening for osteoporosis via bone density scans. Teaching calcium intake aims to prevent bone loss before it occurs, not detect it. Calcium supports bone remodeling, but secondary prevention targets existing asymptomatic conditions, making this incorrect for a strategy focused on preventing initial bone loss.
Choice C reason: Tertiary prevention manages existing disease to prevent complications, like rehabilitation after an osteoporotic fracture. Teaching calcium intake prevents bone loss before disease onset, aligning with primary prevention. Calcium enhances bone strength, but tertiary prevention focuses on restoring function post-disease, not preventing initial bone density loss, making this incorrect.
Choice D reason: Residual prevention is not a recognized term in public health. Teaching calcium intake is primary prevention, as it promotes bone health to prevent osteoporosis. Calcium supports bone matrix formation, reducing fracture risk. Incorrect terms like residual prevention do not apply, as prevention levels are clearly defined as primary, secondary, or tertiary in medical practice.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: The carotid pulse is used for unresponsive, non-breathing patients, as it is the most reliable central pulse, reflecting cardiac output during cardiac arrest. Its accessibility and strength make it ideal for rapid assessment, guiding CPR initiation, per ACLS and emergency assessment protocols.
Choice B reason: The apical pulse, assessed via auscultation, is impractical for an unresponsive, non-breathing patient, requiring time and equipment. In emergencies, the carotid pulse is faster and more reliable to confirm pulselessness, ensuring timely CPR, per cardiac arrest management guidelines.
Choice C reason: The radial pulse is peripheral and less reliable in cardiac arrest, as it may be absent due to poor perfusion. The carotid pulse better reflects central circulation, critical for assessing unresponsiveness and apnea, guiding immediate resuscitation efforts, per emergency care standards.
Choice D reason: The brachial pulse is used in infants or for blood pressure but is less accessible than the carotid in adults during arrest. The carotid provides a quick, reliable pulse check, ensuring rapid initiation of life-saving measures, per ACLS and pulse assessment protocols.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Sharing a room with a roommate is contraindicated for tuberculosis, as airborne precautions prevent droplet nuclei transmission. Tuberculosis spreads via inhalation, and a shared room increases infection risk for others, violating isolation protocols, per infection control and respiratory disease management standards.
Choice B reason: Not requiring a mask contradicts airborne precautions, as tuberculosis requires N95 respirators for healthcare workers to block droplet nuclei. Masks are essential to prevent inhalation of infectious particles, ensuring safety during patient contact, per tuberculosis-specific infection control guidelines.
Choice C reason: Positive pressure airflow rooms are used for immunocompromised patients to prevent infections, not for tuberculosis, which requires negative pressure to contain airborne particles. Positive pressure would spread infectious droplets, increasing transmission risk, contrary to airborne precaution requirements, per infection control engineering.
Choice D reason: A negative pressure airflow room is required for tuberculosis to prevent airborne droplet nuclei from escaping, containing infectious particles. This ensures safe isolation, protecting staff and patients by directing airflow inward, aligning with airborne precautions, per CDC tuberculosis infection control guidelines.
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