A nurse is teaching the client about common discomforts in the first trimester of pregnancy as well as warning signs of potential danger. The nurse should instruct the client to call the clinic if she experiences which of the following manifestations?

Increased urination, especially at night

Occasional mild headaches relieved with rest

Breast tenderness and enlargement

Persistent vomiting that prevents fluid intake

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Increased urination, especially at night: Frequent urination is a common and expected symptom in early pregnancy due to hormonal changes and increased pelvic blood flow. It does not typically signal a complication unless accompanied by other concerning signs like burning or fever.

B. Occasional mild headaches relieved with rest: Mild headaches can occur in early pregnancy due to hormonal shifts or fatigue. As long as they are infrequent and relieved by rest or hydration, they are considered a normal discomfort rather than a warning sign.

C. Breast tenderness and enlargement: Hormonal changes in early pregnancy often cause breast sensitivity and fullness. This is a common physical change and generally not a cause for concern unless accompanied by signs of infection or abnormal discharge.

D. Persistent vomiting that prevents fluid intake: Excessive vomiting, especially if it leads to dehydration or inability to tolerate fluids, may indicate hyperemesis gravidarum. This condition can require medical treatment and poses risks to both maternal and fetal health if untreated.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. G3 T0 P2 A1 L1: This option incorrectly states that the client has had two preterm births, which she has not. She has had one full-term birth and one abortion, making the parity count inaccurate in this case.

B. G2 T1 P0 A0 L2: This count underrepresents the client’s total pregnancies (G2 instead of G3) and indicates no abortions, which contradicts the elective abortion at 9 weeks. It also incorrectly lists two living children instead of one.

C. G2 T1 P0 A1 L2: While it correctly lists the term birth and abortion, it inaccurately lists two living children and indicates the client has had only two pregnancies instead of three, making the gravida count incorrect.

D. G3 T1 P0 A1 L1: The client has had three pregnancies (G3), one term birth (T1), no preterm births (P0), one abortion (A1), and one living child (L1). This option accurately reflects her obstetric history using the GTPAL system.

A. Hypotension and preterm labor B. Placenta previa and fetal growth restriction C. Hyperemesis gravidarum and anemia D. Polyhydramnios and hypertension

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Hypotension and preterm labor: Gestational diabetes is more commonly associated with hypertension rather than hypotension. Although preterm labor can occur, it is not a direct or primary complication of GDM. These conditions are not typically linked with poor glucose control.

B. Placenta previa and fetal growth restriction: Placenta previa is related to abnormal placental implantation, not glucose regulation. Fetal growth restriction is more common in placental insufficiency, while GDM is often associated with fetal macrosomia due to excess glucose availability.

C. Hyperemesis gravidarum and anemia: Hyperemesis gravidarum usually occurs in early pregnancy and is related to hormonal changes, not diabetes. Anemia is common in pregnancy but is not directly caused by GDM. These are not typical maternal complications of gestational diabetes.

D. Polyhydramnios and hypertension: GDM can lead to polyhydramnios due to increased fetal urination in response to hyperglycemia. Hypertension is also more prevalent in clients with GDM due to vascular changes and increased metabolic stress. These are well-established maternal risks.

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A nurse is teaching the client about common discomforts in the first trimester of pregnancy as well as warning signs of potential danger. The nurse should instruct the client to call the clinic if she experiences which of the following manifestations?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A pregnant client with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is at risk for which of the following maternal complications?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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