A nurse manager is teaching a newly licensed nurse about pain management for an older adult client. Which of the following statements by the nurse indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"Opioids should not be given to older adults."

"Pain perception is decreased in older adult clients."

"Older adults report pain less frequently than younger clients."

"Older adults require higher doses of pain medication."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Rationale:

A. "Opioids should not be given to older adults.": Opioids can be given to older adults when necessary, but with caution. The dose may need adjustment due to age-related changes in metabolism and increased sensitivity, not outright avoidance.

B. "Pain perception is decreased in older adult clients.": Pain perception does not decrease with age. Older adults may have conditions that affect communication or cognition, but their ability to feel pain remains intact, and they can still experience significant discomfort.

C. "Older adults report pain less frequently than younger clients.": Older adults often underreport pain due to beliefs that pain is a normal part of aging or fear of treatment consequences. This makes active assessment and trust-building essential in managing their pain effectively.

D. "Older adults require higher doses of pain medication.": Older adults typically require lower or more carefully titrated doses due to slower metabolism, decreased renal clearance, and heightened drug sensitivity, especially to central nervous system effects.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Administer diuretics: The client's symptoms, moist lung sounds, bounding pulse, elevated blood pressure, and pitting edema indicate fluid volume overload. Administering prescribed diuretics is the priority intervention to rapidly reduce intravascular and interstitial fluid volume and relieve pulmonary congestion.

B. Limit the client's fluid intake: Fluid restriction helps manage ongoing fluid retention but does not address the immediate concern of volume overload. It is a supportive measure rather than the initial priority in acute decompensated heart failure.

C. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter: While catheterization may help monitor output, it does not treat the underlying fluid excess. Inserting a catheter without addressing the fluid accumulation first does not provide immediate symptom relief.

D. Place the client on a low-sodium diet: A low-sodium diet is important for long-term management of heart failure, but it does not provide the prompt fluid removal needed in this acute situation. Immediate diuresis is necessary to reduce cardiac workload and respiratory distress.

A. "Begin each feeding using the same breast." B. "Supplement breastfeedings with water every 12 hours." C. "Offer your infant the breast when he shows signs of hunger." D. "Limit the time your infant feeds to 10 minutes on each breast

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Rationale:

A. "Begin each feeding using the same breast.": It's recommended to alternate breasts between feedings to ensure both breasts are emptied regularly. This helps maintain milk production and prevents engorgement or blocked ducts.

B. "Supplement breastfeedings with water every 12 hours.": Newborns do not require supplemental water. Breast milk provides all the necessary hydration and nutrients for the infant’s needs, even in hot weather.

C. "Offer your infant the breast when he shows signs of hunger.": Feeding on demand based on hunger cues—such as rooting, sucking motions, or hand-to-mouth activity—supports adequate nutrition, growth, and milk supply.

D. "Limit the time your infant feeds to 10 minutes on each breast.": Feeding should not be time-restricted. Infants should be allowed to feed until they are satisfied, as some may take longer to extract enough milk, especially in the early weeks.

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A nurse manager is teaching a newly licensed nurse about pain management for an older adult client. Which of the following statements by the nurse indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has heart failure. The client has moist lung sounds, bounding pulse, increased blood pressure, and pitting peripheral edema. Which of the following is the nurse's priority intervention?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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