A nurse observes that an infant has an elongated head shape due to molding during delivery.
The nurse explains to the parents that this condition is called:
Caput succedaneum
Cephalohematoma
Craniosynostosis
Plagiocephaly
The Correct Answer is D
Plagiocephaly.
This condition is also known as flat head syndrome and it occurs when an infant’s head shape becomes flattened due to external pressure. It can be caused by molding during delivery or by sleeping in the same position for a long time.
Choice A is wrong because caput succedaneum is a swelling of the scalp that results from pressure on the baby’s head during childbirth. It does not affect the shape of the head, but only causes temporary puffiness and bruising.
Choice B is wrong because cephalohematoma is bleeding under the scalp that occurs when blood vessels are damaged during delivery. It causes a firm lump on one side of the head that does not cross the suture lines.
Choice C is wrong because craniosynostosis is a condition where one or more of the sutures (joints) between the skull bones close prematurely, preventing normal growth of the head. It can cause an abnormal head shape, but it is not related to molding during delivery.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Normal finding.
The anterior fontanelle is the soft spot on the top of an infant’s head that allows for brain growth and skull expansion.
It normally feels soft and flat when the infant is lying down, and may bulge slightly when the infant is sitting up or crying due to increased blood flow and pressure.
This is not a sign of any problem and should be documented as a normal finding.
Dehydration is wrong because dehydration would cause the fontanelle to feel sunken or depressed, not elevated. Dehydration can also cause other signs such as dry mouth, decreased urine output, and lethargy.
Increased intracranial pressure is wrong because increased intracranial pressure would cause the fontanelle to feel tense or bulging at all times, not only when sitting up or crying. Increased intracranial pressure can also cause other signs such as vomiting, irritability, seizures, and altered level of consciousness.
Infection is wrong because infection would cause the fontanelle to feel warm or tender, not elevated. Infection can also cause other signs such as fever, rash, poor feeding, and fussiness.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]
Explanation
Swaddling, pacifiers, gentle touch and music therapy are all non-pharmacological interventions that can help soothe a newborn during an assessment.
These methods can provide comfort, security, distraction and stimulation for the newborn.
Choice D is wrong because glucose water is a pharmacological intervention that can be used to reduce pain during procedures such as heel sticks or circumcision.Glucose water should not be given routinely to newborns as it can interfere with breastfeeding and cause electrolyte imbalances.
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