A nurse overhears assistive personnel (AP) in the cafeteria discussing a client's diagnosis of anorexia nervosa.
The nurse should inform the AP that they have breached which of the following legal acts?

Choice A rationale

Being married is generally considered a protective factor against depression due to increased social support and companionship. Research often indicates that individuals in stable marital relationships tend to have lower rates of depression compared to unmarried individuals.

Choice B rationale

Chronic illness is a significant risk factor for depression. The ongoing physical discomfort, limitations in daily activities, and psychological burden associated with chronic conditions can increase vulnerability to mood disorders. The physiological and emotional impact of managing a long-term illness contributes to this increased risk.

Choice C rationale

Alcohol use disorder is strongly associated with an increased risk of depression. Alcohol is a central nervous system depressant that can disrupt neurotransmitter balance in the brain, leading to or exacerbating depressive symptoms. Furthermore, the social and personal consequences of alcohol abuse can contribute to feelings of isolation and despair.

Choice D rationale

Early childhood trauma is a well-established risk factor for developing depression later in life. Adverse experiences during childhood can have long-lasting effects on brain development, stress response systems, and emotional regulation, increasing susceptibility to mental health disorders, including depression.

Choice E rationale

Middle-class economic status is not typically identified as a specific risk factor for depression. While socioeconomic factors can influence mental health, depression can affect individuals across all economic strata. Poverty and financial instability are more commonly associated with increased risk.

Choice A rationale

Cardiac arrhythmia is a significant concern prior to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) because ECT involves inducing a brief seizure. The physiological stress of a seizure can exacerbate pre-existing cardiac conditions, potentially leading to serious complications such as further arrhythmias or cardiac arrest. Therefore, any history of cardiac arrhythmia should be reported to the provider for careful evaluation and management before proceeding with ECT.

Choice B rationale

Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease and is not a direct contraindication for ECT. While the client's overall health is considered, Crohn's disease does not pose an immediate risk of serious complications during or after the ECT procedure itself. The focus for ECT contraindications is primarily on neurological and cardiovascular conditions.

Choice C rationale

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction. While it requires careful management, asthma is not typically a direct contraindication for ECT. Precautions would be taken to ensure adequate oxygenation during the procedure, but it does not inherently increase the risk of severe complications related to the induced seizure.

Choice D rationale

Renal colic, which is pain associated with kidney stones, is an acute condition but not a direct contraindication for ECT. While the client's comfort and pain management would be important considerations, renal colic does not increase the risk of serious complications related to the seizure induced by ECT. The primary concerns for ECT are conditions that could be negatively impacted by the seizure activity.