A nurse receives a telephone call from a parent reporting that their school-age child has a nosebleed and that they cannot stop the bleeding. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to the parent?

"Place a warm, wet washcloth over your child's forehead and the bridge of their nose."

"Use your thumb and forefinger to apply pressure to the sides of your child's nose."

"Have your child lie down and turn their head to the side for 10 minutes."

“Tell your child to blow their nose gently, and then sit down and tilt their head backward."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. "Place a warm, wet washcloth over your child's forehead and the bridge of their nose." Warm compresses may actually dilate blood vessels, which can worsen the bleeding. Cold compresses are preferred to help constrict vessels.
B. "Use your thumb and forefinger to apply pressure to the sides of your child's nose." This is the correct first-aid measure for epistaxis. The parent should pinch the soft part of the nose continuously for 10–15 minutes while the child leans forward.
C. "Have your child lie down and turn their head to the side for 10 minutes." Lying down can increase blood flow to the nose and may cause blood to be swallowed, which can lead to nausea or vomiting.
D. “Tell your child to blow their nose gently, and then sit down and tilt their head backward." Tilting the head back can cause blood to drain into the throat, increasing the risk of aspiration and stomach upset. Leaning forward is the proper position.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "After 5 to 10 minutes when the breast is emptied, my baby should be removed from the breast." The breast is rarely fully emptied during a feeding. Infants should be allowed to feed on one side until they naturally release it, ensuring they receive the nutrient-rich hindmilk.
B. "Manually expressing my milk will decrease my milk supply." Manual expression, like breastfeeding, stimulates milk production. Regularly removing milk from the breasts actually helps maintain or increase supply, especially during periods of engorgement or separation.
C. “My baby should always start on the same breast when feeding.” Alternating the starting breast with each feeding ensures even stimulation and drainage of both breasts. Always starting on the same side could lead to engorgement or reduced supply in the unused breast.
D. “The more my baby is at the breast sucking the more milk I will produce.” Breast milk production is based on a supply and demand mechanism. The more frequently and effectively the baby nurses, the more milk the body is signaled to produce.

A. Abdominal aortic aneurysm B. Phlebitis C. Osteoarthritis D. Peripheral neuropathy

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Abdominal aortic aneurysm. While an abdominal aortic aneurysm is a serious vascular condition, it is not directly affected by localized heat therapy to an extremity such as the foot. However, heat should still be used cautiously near major vascular abnormalities.
B. Phlebitis. Heat therapy is often used to reduce inflammation and promote circulation in conditions like phlebitis. Although care must be taken, it is not an absolute contraindication and may actually be prescribed in some mild cases under supervision.
C. Osteoarthritis. Heat therapy is commonly used for osteoarthritis to relax muscles, improve joint mobility, and alleviate stiffness and discomfort. It is considered a beneficial and appropriate treatment modality for this condition.
D. Peripheral neuropathy. Clients with peripheral neuropathy may have impaired sensation, making them unable to detect excessive heat. This puts them at high risk for burns or thermal injury, making heat therapy a contraindication for safety reasons.

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A nurse receives a telephone call from a parent reporting that their school-age child has a nosebleed and that they cannot stop the bleeding. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to the parent?

Nursing Test Bank

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