A nurse teaches a client who is at risk for mild hypernatremia. Which statement should the nurse include in this client's teaching?
"Weigh yourself every morning and every night."
"Check your radial pulse twice a day."
"Read food labels to determine sodium content."
"Bake or grill the meat rather than frying it."
The Correct Answer is C
A. "Weigh yourself every morning and every night.": While weight monitoring is important in conditions like fluid retention, hypernatremia is related to sodium levels, not fluid retention. The nurse should focus more on sodium intake than daily weight checks.
B. "Check your radial pulse twice a day.": Checking the radial pulse might be helpful for monitoring heart rate or signs of dehydration, but it does not directly address the management of hypernatremia. Focusing on sodium intake is more relevant.
C. "Read food labels to determine sodium content.": Sodium intake is a key factor in managing hypernatremia. Teaching the client to read food labels will help them identify foods high in sodium, which is critical to controlling their sodium levels and preventing worsening hypernatremia.
D. "Bake or grill the meat rather than frying it.": While baking or grilling meat is a healthier cooking method, it does not address the management of hypernatremia. Reducing sodium intake through food choices is more directly related to managing this condition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Chemical buffer system: This system provides an immediate but short-term response to changes in pH by neutralizing excess acids or bases. It works quickly but does not provide the long-term regulation of pH that is needed for maintaining acid-base balance over time.
B. Renal system: The renal system is the slowest regulatory system, taking hours to days to respond. It regulates pH by excreting hydrogen ions (H+) and reabsorbing bicarbonate (HCO3-) in the kidneys, helping to maintain long-term pH balance in the extracellular fluid (ECF). This makes it the most effective system for sustained pH regulation.
C. Respiratory system: The respiratory system responds more quickly than the renal system but not as rapidly as the chemical buffer system. It regulates pH by adjusting the level of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood through changes in the rate and depth of breathing.
D. Endocrine system: The endocrine system plays a role in fluid and electrolyte balance but is not directly involved in regulating acid-base balance. It influences pH indirectly through hormones that affect kidney function, but it is not the primary system for pH regulation.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Metabolic acidosis: This occurs due to an accumulation of acids or loss of bicarbonate, often from kidney dysfunction or toxins. It’s unrelated to the lungs' inability to eliminate CO2, which leads to respiratory, not metabolic, imbalances.
B. Metabolic alkalosis: This results from excess bicarbonate, often due to vomiting or diuretics. It’s not caused by the lungs failing to eliminate CO2, which would affect the respiratory balance.
C. Respiratory acidosis: This condition develops when the lungs cannot eliminate enough CO2, leading to an increase in carbonic acid and a decrease in blood pH. It's common in respiratory failure or COPD, where ventilation is impaired.
D. Respiratory alkalosis: This occurs when CO2 is excessively removed, often due to hyperventilation. It leads to alkalosis, but CO2 retention from lung failure causes acidosis, not alkalosis.
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