A patient experiencing multisystem ﬂuid volume deficit has tachycardia, pale, cool skin, and decreased urine output. The nurse realizes these findings are most likely a direct result of which process?

Eﬀects of rapidly infused intravenous ﬂuids.

The body's natural compensatory mechanisms.

Cardiac failure.

Pharmacological eﬀects of a diuretic.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A Reason: This is incorrect because eﬀects of rapidly infused intravenous ﬂuids are not the cause of the patient's findings, but a possible treatment. Rapidly infused intravenous ﬂuids are used to restore ﬂuid volume and prevent shock in patients with ﬂuid volume deficit. Rapidly infused intravenous ﬂuids can cause increased blood pressure, increased urine output, and decreased heart rate.

Choice B Reason: This is correct because the body's natural compensatory mechanisms are the cause of the patient's findings. The body tries to maintain homeostasis and perfusion in response to ﬂuid volume deficit by activating the sympathetic nervous system, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and the antidiuretic hormone system. These mechanisms cause tachycardia, vasoconstriction, pale and cool skin, sodium and water retention, and decreased urine output.

Choice C Reason: This is incorrect because cardiac failure is not the cause of the patient's findings, but a possible complication. Cardiac failure occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. Cardiac failure can result from prolonged ﬂuid volume deficit, as the heart becomes overstressed and weakened by the increased workload and decreased perfusion. Cardiac failure can cause dyspnea, edema, fatigue, and cyanosis.

Choice D Reason: This is incorrect because pharmacological eﬀects of a diuretic are not the cause of the patient's findings, but a possible cause of ﬂuid volume deficit. A diuretic is a medication that increases urine output and excretion of sodium and water. A diuretic can cause ﬂuid volume deficit if it is overdosed, misused, or taken with other medications that aﬀect ﬂuid balance. A diuretic can cause hypotension, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalances.

Nursing Test Bank

Quiz #1: RN Exams Pharmacology Exams Quiz #2: RN Exams Medical-Surgical Exams Quiz #3: RN Exams Fundamentals Exams Quiz #4: RN Exams Maternal-Newborn Exams Quiz #5: RN Exams Anatomy and Physiology Exams Quiz #6: RN Exams Obstetrics and Pediatrics Exams Quiz #7: RN Exams Fluid and Electrolytes Exams Quiz #8: RN Exams Community Health Exams Quiz #9: RN Exams Promoting Health across the lifespan Exams Quiz #10: RN Exams Multidimensional care Exams

Get 100+ Naxlex Exit Exams for $79 Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (14 Day Free-Trial)

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Quiz #1: Naxlex RN Comprehensive online practice 2019 B with NGN Quiz #2: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Quiz #3: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Exit Exam A Quiz #4: Naxlex HESI Exit LPN Exam Quiz #5: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor PN 2020 Quiz #6: Naxlex VATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Quiz #8: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 - Exam 1 Quiz #10: Naxlex HESI PN Exit exam Quiz #11: Naxlex HESI PN EXIT Exam 2

Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A: A patient with venous stasis ulcer is not at increased risk for metabolic alkalosis, because this condition does not aﬀect the acid-base balance of the body. Venous stasis ulcer is a chronic wound that occurs due to impaired blood ﬂow in the lower extremities.

Choice B: A patient on dialysis is not at increased risk for metabolic alkalosis, because dialysis helps to remove excess acids and bases from the blood. Dialysis is a treatment that filters and purifies the blood using a machine.

Choice C: A patient with bulimia is at increased risk for metabolic alkalosis, because this condition involves frequent vomiting that causes loss of gastric acid. Gastric acid is a source of hydrogen ions that lowers the pH of the blood. When gastric acid is lost, the blood becomes more alkaline.

Choice D: A patient with COPD is not at increased risk for metabolic alkalosis, but rather for respiratory acidosis. This is because COPD impairs the ability of the lungs to eliminate carbon dioxide, which is a source of carbonic acid that lowers the pH of the blood. When carbon dioxide accumulates, the blood becomes more acidic.

A. Bicarbonate excess B. Lethargy C. Kussmaul's respirations D. Circumoral paresthesia E. Flushing

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

Choice A: Bicarbonate excess is a sign of metabolic alkalosis, because this condition occurs when the body has too much bicarbonate or loses too much acid. This can happen in patients who have excessive vomiting, gastric suctioning, diuretic therapy, or antacid intake.

Choice B: Lethargy is a sign of metabolic alkalosis, because this condition aﬀects the central nervous system and causes decreased level of consciousness, confusion, and drowsiness. Lethargy can also result from hypoxemia, which is a condition that occurs when the blood oxygen level is too low. This can happen in patients with metabolic alkalosis who have respiratory compensation and hypoventilation.

Choice C: Kussmaul's respirations are not a sign of metabolic alkalosis, but rather of metabolic acidosis. This is a condition that occurs when the body produces too much acid or loses too much bicarbonate. This can happen in patients who have diabetic ketoacidosis, renal failure, or lactic acidosis. Kussmaul's respirations are deep, rapid, and labored breathing that help to eliminate excess carbon dioxide and acid from the blood.

Choice D: Circumoral paresthesia is a sign of metabolic alkalosis, because this condition causes hypocalcemia, which is a condition that occurs when the blood calcium level is too low. This can happen in patients with metabolic alkalosis who have increased binding of calcium to albumin due to alkaline pH. Circumoral paresthesia is a tingling sensation around the mouth that indicates neuromuscular irritability.

Choice E: Flushing is not a sign of metabolic alkalosis, but rather of hypercalcemia, which is a condition that occurs when the blood calcium level is too high. This can happen in patients who have hyperparathyroidism, malignancy, or excessive calcium intake. Flushing is a reddening of the skin that indicates vasodilation and increased blood ﬂow.

View Question and Answer

Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.

Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today

A patient experiencing multisystem ﬂuid volume deficit has tachycardia, pale, cool skin, and decreased urine output. The nurse realizes these findings are most likely a direct result of which process?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is reviewing the health problems for a group of assigned patients. Which patient does the nurse recognize as being at increased risk for developing metabolic alkalosis?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has metabolic alkalosis. For which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse monitor? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

A patient with atrial fibrillation and a serum potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L takes digoxin (Lanoxin), ASA (aspirin), KCL (potassium chloride) and warfarin (Coumadin) daily. The patient reports visual disturbances. The nurse suspects problems with which medication?

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who has respiratory acidosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for four clients. The nurse should recognize which of the following clients has a manifestation of hypoparathyroidism?

A nurse is reviewing a client's laboratory values and discovers the client has a serum potassium of 6.2 mEq/L. Which of the following interventions should the nurse anticipate?

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who takes furosemide. Which of the following results should the nurse identify as the priority finding?

A nurse is caring for a client who has a serum potassium level of 5.5 mEq/L. The provider prescribes polystyrene sulfonate. If this medication is eﬀective, the nurse should expect which of the following changes on the client's ECG?

A postoperative patient is diagnosed with ﬂuid volume overload. What should the nurse expect to assess in this patient?

A patient is diagnosed with hypokalemia. After reviewing the patient's current medications, which drug should the nurse consider that might have contributed to the patient's health problem?