A patient has symptoms of rectal bleeding and vague anal discomfort. Proctoscopy reveals dilated veins in the mucous membrane of anus Which condition is described?
Diverticulitis
Hemorrhoids
Anal fissure
Rectal prolapse
The Correct Answer is B
A. Diverticulitis:
Diverticulitis involves inflamed diverticula in the colon, causing LLQ abdominal pain, not rectal vein issues.
B. Hemorrhoids:
Hemorrhoids are dilated veins in the rectal or anal mucosa, causing rectal bleeding and discomfort.
C. Anal fissure:
An anal fissure is a tear in the anal mucosa, causing sharp pain and sometimes bleeding, but not dilated veins.
D. Rectal prolapse:
Rectal prolapse is protrusion of the rectum through the anus, not just dilated veins.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Condyloma acuminata:
These are genital warts, a hallmark of HPV infection.
B. Diarrhea:
Not typical of HPV; more common with gastrointestinal infections.
C. Urethritis:
Urethritis is more commonly caused by gonorrhea or chlamydia.
D. Penile edema:
Swelling may occur secondarily but is not a classic primary symptom.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Headache and tremors:
Respiratory acidosis leads to CO₂ retention, causing cerebral vasodilation, resulting in headache and neuromuscular irritability like tremors.
B. Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs:
These are signs of hypocalcemia, commonly seen in respiratory alkalosis, not acidosis.
C. Crackles and rhonchi upon auscultation:
These are lung sounds that might be present in respiratory conditions (like pneumonia or CHF) but are not specific symptoms of acid-base disturbances like respiratory acidosis.
D. Hyperactivity and reduced serum ionized calcium levels:
These findings are consistent with respiratory alkalosis, not acidosis.
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