A patient has symptoms of rectal bleeding and vague anal discomfort. Proctoscopy reveals dilated veins in the mucous membrane of anus Which condition is described?
Diverticulitis
Hemorrhoids
Anal fissure
Rectal prolapse
The Correct Answer is B
A. Diverticulitis:
Diverticulitis involves inflamed diverticula in the colon, causing LLQ abdominal pain, not rectal vein issues.
B. Hemorrhoids:
Hemorrhoids are dilated veins in the rectal or anal mucosa, causing rectal bleeding and discomfort.
C. Anal fissure:
An anal fissure is a tear in the anal mucosa, causing sharp pain and sometimes bleeding, but not dilated veins.
D. Rectal prolapse:
Rectal prolapse is protrusion of the rectum through the anus, not just dilated veins.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Cerebral aneurysm:
A cerebral aneurysm involves a bulging blood vessel in the brain, which could lead to rupture and bleeding. It is not associated with tremors or bradykinesia.
B. Multiple sclerosis:
MS involves demyelination causing muscle weakness and visual disturbances, but not primarily tremors and bradykinesia.
C. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS):
ALS affects motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy, but does not typically present with tremors or benefit from deep brain stimulation.
D. Parkinson disease:
Parkinson disease features tremors, bradykinesia (slow movements), and abnormal gait. Deep brain stimulation is an advanced therapy for symptom management in Parkinson’s.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. They bind to infected cells and are activated by cytokines:
This describes cytotoxic T cells (CD8+ cells), which kill infected cells, not helper T cells.
B. They activate B cells and produce small cells called cytokines:
Helper T cells (CD4+ cells) stimulate B cells to produce antibodies and secrete cytokines to coordinate the immune response.
C. They destroy infected cells by producing proteins targeting cell membranes:
Again, this is the role of cytotoxic T cells, not helper T cells.
D. They are non-responsive during active infections:
Helper T cells are highly active during infections, directing other immune cells. They are not non-responsive.
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