A patient on mechanical ventilation is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which statement is true?

The patient's head should remain elevated at 45 degrees to avoid aspiration.

TPN is preferred over the use of enteral feeding to avoid the complication of aspiration.

Lipid intake should be maintained at greater than 2 g/kg/day.

Excessive calorie intake can cause an increase in PaCO2

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. The head of the bed should be elevated to at least 30 degrees to reduce the risk of aspiration, not 45 degrees.
B. Enteral feeding is typically preferred over TPN because it preserves gut integrity and reduces the risk of complications such as infections.
C. Lipid intake should generally be monitored and controlled, but greater than 2 g/kg/day is not recommended and may lead to complications such as hyperlipidemia.
D. Excessive calorie intake, particularly from carbohydrates, can increase carbon dioxide production, leading to a rise in PaCO2 levels in mechanically ventilated patients.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Administering an enema every third day may be too infrequent to effectively manage constipation. Enemas are generally not a first-line solution for constipation prevention in patients on long-term opioid therapy.
B. Constipation is nothing to worry about; take your medicine is incorrect because constipation is a common and preventable side effect of opioid use. It should be addressed proactively.
C. Only taking morphine when experiencing the most severe pain could lead to uncontrolled pain. It is important for cancer pain to be managed consistently, and adjusting the timing of medication is not recommended.
D. Increasing fluids and high-fiber foods, and using a mild laxative is the most appropriate recommendation. It helps prevent constipation, which is a common side effect of opioid use. Mild laxatives can also be helpful, but regular bowel care is essential.

Correct Answer is ["18"]

Explanation

Calculate the total infusion time in minutes:
- 6 hours 60 minutes/hour = 360 minutes
Calculate the total number of drops:
- 650 mL 10 gtt/mL = 6500 gtt
Calculate the drops per minute:
- 6500 gtt / 360 minutes = 18.0555gtt/minute
Round to the nearest whole number:
- 18 gtt/minute

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A patient on mechanical ventilation is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which statement is true?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with cancer pain is taking morphine for pain relief. Knowing constipation is a common side effect, what would the nurse recommend to the client?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Provider Orders normal saline (NS) 0.9% 650 ml infuse over 6 hours. The drip factor is 10 gtt/mL. How many drops per minute (gtts/min) will be administered? NOTE DO NOT write the unit/s of measurement YOUR ANSWER SHOULD BE IN WHOLE NUMBER

Correct Answer is ["18"]

Explanation

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