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A patient on mechanical ventilation is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which statement is true?

A.

The patient's head should remain elevated at 45 degrees to avoid aspiration.

B.

TPN is preferred over the use of enteral feeding to avoid the complication of aspiration.

C.

Lipid intake should be maintained at greater than 2 g/kg/day.

D.

Excessive calorie intake can cause an increase in PaCO2

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. The head of the bed should be elevated to at least 30 degrees to reduce the risk of aspiration, not 45 degrees.  
B. Enteral feeding is typically preferred over TPN because it preserves gut integrity and reduces the risk of complications such as infections.  
C. Lipid intake should generally be monitored and controlled, but greater than 2 g/kg/day is not recommended and may lead to complications such as hyperlipidemia.  
D. Excessive calorie intake, particularly from carbohydrates, can increase carbon dioxide production, leading to a rise in PaCO2 levels in mechanically ventilated patients.  


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Acute pain is typically not associated with nervous system damage and should not last indefinitely.
B. Acute pain typically does not persist for more than 6 months; it is expected to subside after the healing process is complete.
C. While acute pain can result from joint injuries, it generally does not last as long as 9 months.
D. Acute pain is temporary, typically resolving as the underlying injury or condition heals, and should not last more than 6 months.

Correct Answer is ["104"]

Explanation

Convert days to hours:

  • 1 day 24 hours/day = 24 hours 1

Calculate the hourly rate:

  • 2500 mL / 24 hours = 104.1666... mL/hour

Round to the nearest whole number:

  • 104 mL/hour

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