A patient who is addicted to heroin is admitted to the hospital for treatment of an infection. The patient is prescribed methadone (Dolophine) as part of a detoxification program. What is the rationale for using methadone in this patient?

Methadone prevents withdrawal symptoms and reduces cravings for heroin.

Methadone blocks the euphoric effects of heroin and discourages its use.

Methadone stimulates opioid receptors and enhances natural pain relief.

Methadone reverses the respiratory depression caused by heroin overdose.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

The correct answer is choice B. Methadone blocks the euphoric effects of heroin and discourages its use. Methadone is a synthetic opioid analgesic that produces a cross-tolerance to other narcotics, thereby preventing the user from feeling the high of heroin. Methadone also reduces withdrawal symptoms and cravings for heroin.

Choice A is wrong because methadone does not prevent withdrawal symptoms, but rather reduces them.

Choice C is wrong because methadone does not stimulate opioid receptors, but rather occupies them and blocks their activation by heroin.

Choice D is wrong because methadone does not reverse the respiratory depression caused by heroin overdose, but rather carries a risk of overdose itself.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The correct answer is choice A. Serum calcium.Etidronate is a bisphosphonate that inhibits bone resorption and reduces the risk of skeletal complications in patients with cancer-related bone pain.However, it can also cause hypocalcemia (low serum calcium levels) as a side effect, which can lead to muscle spasms, numbness, tingling, seizures, and cardiac arrhythmias.

Therefore, the nurse should monitor the patient’s serum calcium levels regularly and supplement with calcium and vitamin D if needed.

Choice B. Serum potassium is wrong because etidronate does not affect potassium levels.Potassium is mainly regulated by the kidneys and can be altered by renal impairment, dehydration, acid-base imbalance, or medications such as diuretics or potassium-sparing agents.

Choice C. Serum creatinine is wrong because etidronate does not affect creatinine levels.

Creatinine is a waste product of muscle metabolism that is excreted by the kidneys.It reflects the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and can be elevated in renal dysfunction or dehydration.

Choice D. Serum albumin is wrong because etidronate does not affect albumin levels.

Albumin is a protein that is synthesized by the liver and helps maintain fluid balance and transport substances in the blood.It can be decreased in liver disease, malnutrition, inflammation, or protein-losing conditions.

A. “I will change the patch every other day.” B. “I will apply the patch to a hairy area for better adhesion.” C. “I will remove the old patch before applying a new one.” D. “I will cut the patch in half if I need a lower dose.”.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The correct answer is choice C.The patient should remove the old patch before applying a new one to avoid overdose and adverse effects of fentanyl.Fentanyl patches are designed to deliver a constant amount of opioid analgesic over a period of time, usually 72 hours.

Therefore, changing the patch every other day (choice A) would result in inadequate pain relief and withdrawal symptoms.

Applying the patch to a hairy area (choice B) would interfere with the absorption of the drug and reduce its effectiveness.

Cutting the patch in half (choice D) would damage the integrity of the patch and cause erratic or rapid release of the drug, which could be fatal.Fentanyl patches should be applied to a clean, dry, hairless area of intact skin on the upper torso or upper arm.

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A patient who is addicted to heroin is admitted to the hospital for treatment of an infection. The patient is prescribed methadone (Dolophine) as part of a detoxification program. What is the rationale for using methadone in this patient?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient with cancer-related bone pain is receiving etidronate as an adjuvant analgesic. The nurse should monitor the patient for which of the following laboratory values?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a patient who has been prescribed fentanyl patches for chronic cancer pain management at home. Which statement by the patient indicates that he understands how to use this medication safely?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has rheumatoid arthritis and has been prescribed ibuprofen (Advil). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply.

Which component of pain assessment is addressed by asking a client to rate his or her current level of discomfort on a scale of 0-10?

Which statement made by a client taking aspirin indicates an understanding of its use?

(Select all that apply) A patient with postoperative pain is prescribed hydroxyzine as an adjuvant analgesic. The nurse should teach the patient about which of the following benefits of this medication.

The nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed acetaminophen, a non-opioid analgesic, for mild pain. Which laboratory test result should the nurse monitor closely in this client?

A nurse is educating a client about ibuprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), that has been prescribed for moderate pain and inflammation. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.).

A client with osteoarthritis has been prescribed celecoxib (Celebrex). The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following adverse effects immediately?